Extreme nonlinear damping by the quasiparticle gas in superfluid<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">B</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts /><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow /></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>in the low-temperature limit

Carney, J. P.; Guénault, A. M.; Pickett, G. R.; Spencer, Gregory

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.62.3042

Cited by 113 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This may explain the experiments with wire vibrating in 3 He-B [13,14,15]. Due to gapless spectrum of fermion zero modes, there are always the low energy bound states, which are occupied even at very low temperature T ≪ ∆ 0 .…”

Section: Lancaster Experiments and Majorana Fermionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In Lancaster experiments with wire vibrating in 3 He-B, emission of quasiparticles has been detected [13,14,15] when the velocity amplitude of the wire exceeds the critical velocity v c ≈ ∆ 0 /3k F . This suggests that this emission occurs due to existence of the Majorana zero modes with zero energy on the surface of the wire.…”

Section: Lancaster Experiments and Majorana Fermionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fermion zero modes at the boundary of superfluid 3He-B

2009

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Superfluid3 He-B belongs to the important special class of time-reversal invariant topological superfluids. It has Majorana fermions as edge states on the surface of bulk 3 He-B. On the rough wall these fermion zero modes have finite density of states at E = 0. It is possible that Lancaster experiments with a wire vibrating in 3 He-B have already probed Majorana fermions living on the surface of the wire.

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Section: Lancaster Experiments and Majorana Fermionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Lancaster Experiments and Majorana Fermionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermion zero modes at the boundary of superfluid 3He-B

2009

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“…This includes the superfluid liquid, dilute mixtures of 3 He and 4 He, and solid 3 He. Superfluid 3 He has been refrigerated below 100 K by the group of George Pickett at Lancaster University (Carney et al, 1989), and more recently by the group of Frank Pobell at the University of Bayreuth (Kö nig, Betat, and Pobell, 1994) and by Bunkov and Fisher (1995) at Grenoble. Dilute solutions have been cooled to 100 K by the Osaka team (Oh et al, 1994) and by the group at Bayreuth (Kö nig, Betat, and Pobell, 1994).…”

Section: Temperature Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear magnetic ordering in simple metals at positive and negative nanokelvin temperatures

1997

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This paper is a comprehensive review of almost twenty years of research on nuclear magnetic ordering, first in copper and later in silver and rhodium metals. The basic principles of nuclear magnetism and the measurement of positive and negative spin temperatures are discussed first. Cascade nuclear refrigeration techniques, susceptibility and nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) measurements, and arrangements for neutron-diffraction experiments at nanokelvin and picokelvin temperatures are described next. Comprehensive magnetic-susceptibility and neutron-diffraction measurements on copper, which led to the discovery of at least three antiferromagnetic phases, one displaying the novel (0 2 3 2 3 ) spin structure and the other two showing the type-I order of the fcc system, are then described in detail. NMR data on silver, at TϾ0 and TϽ0, are presented next leading to the observation that silver orders antiferromagnetically at positive spin temperatures and ferromagnetically at negative spin temperatures. The authors discuss recent neutron-diffraction measurements that show that the antiferromagnetic structure at TϾ0 is in a single-k type-I state. NMR data on rhodium at TϾ0 and TϽ0 are also described. Results obtained on Tl, Sc, AuIn 2 , and metallic Pr compounds and on insulators like CaF 2 are then discussed briefly. The paper is concluded by an extensive theoretical section. Calculations of conduction-electron mediated exchange interactions are described, and the mean-field theory of nuclear magnetic ordering is presented. The role of thermal and quantum fluctuations is then discussed, particularly in the selection of the antiferromagnetic ground state. Finally, theoretically calculated magnetic phase diagrams and ordered spin structures of copper and silver are presented in detail and compared with experimental results. The overall agreement is good, affirming the value of nuclear magnets in Cu and Ag as realizations of simple physical models. [S0034-6861(97)00301-2] ogy,

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“…32 Using a technique where copper plates covered with sintered silver are demagnetized directly in contact with liquid 3He a record liquid temperature lower than 100 p,K has been obtained. 33 …”

Section: Nab}mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental techniques: Methods for cooling below 300 mK

Frossati

1992

J Low Temp Phys

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There are at present three methods for cooling samples to temperatures below 300 mK: dilution, Pomeranchuk, and nuclear refrigeration. We give the basic principles of these methods with more details concerning dilutions refrigerators. This should allow the construction of a simple all plastic refrigerator for temperatures lower than 15 mK, or an even simpler Pomeranchuk cell. The source of heat leaks and other important points for reaching temperatures in the microkelvin range with nuclear refrigerators are given in the lecture by F. Pobell.

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Extreme nonlinear damping by the quasiparticle gas in superfluidB3in the low-temperature limit

Cited by 113 publications

References 2 publications

Fermion zero modes at the boundary of superfluid 3He-B

Fermion zero modes at the boundary of superfluid 3He-B

Nuclear magnetic ordering in simple metals at positive and negative nanokelvin temperatures

Experimental techniques: Methods for cooling below 300 mK

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