Extreme and Topological Dissipative Solitons with Structured Matter and Structured Light

Abstract

Structuring of matter with nanoobjects allows one to generate soliton-like light bundles with extreme characteristics—temporal duration and spatial dimensions. On the other hand, structuring of light gives the possibility to form light bundles with complicated internal structure; their topology could be used for information coding similar to that in self-replicating RNA molecules carrying genetic code. Here we review the both variants of structuring. In the first variant, we consider a linear molecular chain and organic film interacting resonantly with laser radiation. Demonstrated are optical bistability, switching waves, and dissipative solitons, whose sizes for molecular J-aggregates can reach the nanometer range. We also discuss some theoretical approaches to take into account multi-particle interaction and correlations between molecules. In the second variant, light structuring in large-size laser medium with saturable amplification and absorption is achieved by preparation of the initial field distribution with a number of closed and unclosed vortex lines where the field vanishes. Various types of topological solitons, parameter domains of their stability, and transformation of the solitons with slow variation of the scheme parameters are presented.

Optimal Condition for Suppressing Gain Dispersion Effects in Dissipative Soliton Generation

“…Unlike a conservative soliton, a dissipative soliton is shaped not only by the balance of dispersion and nonlinearity but also by the balance of loss and gain. Consequently, dissipative solitons possess much more abundant shapes and dynamics, which have been extensively investigated in optical, chemical, biological, mechanical, and thermal systems. The importance of these studies is twofold.…”