Extreme air pollution with contaminants originating from the mining–metallurgical processes

Serbula, Snezana M.; Milosavljevic, Jelena; Radojević, Ana A.; Kalinovic, Jelena V.; Kalinovic, Tanja S.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.091

Cited by 43 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This sulfide is one of the most common and abundant minerals in the world and is associated with hydrothermal mineralization [6]. On the other hand, foundries produce large emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), which together, with NO x and CO 2 , can cause large problems; such as acid rain and increasing local pollution, therefore, the abatement of waste gases is an important task for the protection of the environment [7][8][9]. As a result, new hydrometallurgical alternatives are being developed in the mining industry, because they are more ecological and economic processes to recover copper [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching of Pure Chalcocite in a Chloride Media Using Sea Water and Waste Water

Toro

Briceño

Pérez

et al. 2019

Metals

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Chalcocite is the most important and abundant secondary copper ore in the world with a rapid dissolution of copper in an acid-chloride environment. In this investigation, the methodology of surface optimization will be applied to evaluate the effect of three independent variables (time, concentration of sulfuric acid and chloride concentration) in the leaching of pure chalcocite to extract the copper with the objective of obtaining a quadratic model that allows us to predict the extraction of copper. The kinetics of copper dissolution in regard to the function of temperature is also analyzed. An ANOVA indicates that the linear variables with the greatest influence are time and the chloride concentration. Also, the concentration of chloride-time exerts a significant synergic effect in the quadratic model. The ANOVA indicates that the quadratic model is representative and the R2 value of 0.92 is valid. The highest copper extraction (67.75%) was obtained at 48 h leaching under conditions of 2 mol/L H2SO4 and 100 g/L chloride. The XRD analysis shows the formation of a stable and non-polluting residue; such as elemental sulfur (S0). This residue was obtained in a leaching time of 4 h at room temperature under conditions of 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 and 50 g/L Cl−.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching of Pure Chalcocite in a Chloride Media Using Sea Water and Waste Water

Toro

Briceño

Pérez

et al. 2019

Metals

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“…Air pollution in the mining area is caused by the operation of the smelter for pyrometallurgical copper production. The size of the area polluted by pollutants transported through the air is about 15 km in the northwest direction and 5 km in the east and southeast directions from Bor City (Dimitrijevic et al ., 2009; Kovacevic et al ., 2010; Pejovic et al ., 2017; Serbula et al ., 2017). Soil pollutants are transported either through the air or through polluted surface water (Nikolic et al ., 2011, 2016; Avramovic et al ., 2016; Pejovic et al ., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation and comparison of the environmental impacts of acid mine drainage‐bearing river water in the Bor and Majdanpek porphyry copper mining areas in Eastern Serbia

et al. 2021

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Mining activities in the Bor and Majdanpek mining areas in Eastern Serbia started in 1903 and 1961, respectively. Environmental problems in the Bor mining area began after the opening of the Bor mine. Long‐term pollution of river water in the Bor and Majdanpek mining areas has an environmental impact on East Europe because all of the river water from these mining areas flows into the Danube River. However, the sizes of areas with pollution and the differences between the environmental impacts of the Bor and Majdanpek mining areas are not clear. In order to determine the effects of mining activities on river water in the study area, creation of geochemical maps showing the distributions of sulfate, heavy metals, and arsenic; estimation of threshold values to discriminate anomalous values from background values; and comparison of the environmental impacts of the two mining areas were carried out. High concentrations of SO42−, Fe, As, Cu, and Mn were found in the Bor River, Krivelj River, and Bela River located in the Bor mining area. These rivers are characterized by acidic pH ranging from 2.9 to 6.2. High concentrations of these components were also measured in the Small Pek River and the upper reach of the Pek River. These rivers are located in the Majdanpek mining area and are characterized by weakly alkaline pH (7.3–8.4). The acidic river water in the Bor mining area transports large quantities of heavy metals and arsenic downstream (6,900 t/year of Fe, 42 t/year of As, 910 t/year of Cu, and 187 t/year of Mn). On the other hand, the weakly alkaline river water in the Majdanpek mining area transports smaller quantities of heavy metals and arsenic downstream (160 t/year of Fe, 0.1 t/year of As, 6 t/year of Cu, and 272 t/year of Mn). The environmental impact of the Bor mining area is significantly larger than that of the Majdanpek mining area. In addition, on the basis of the distribution of anomalous values in river water, pollution caused by mining activities reaches the Danube River, which is located more than 100 km from the Bor and Majdanpek mining areas. Concentrations of SO42−, Fe, As, Cu, and Mn in the Bela River in the Bor mining area have been greatly decreased after mixing of acidic polluted water of the Bela River with water of the Timok River containing a high bicarbonate concentration. This fact suggests that river water in the Bor and Majdanpek mining areas has sufficient capacity for neutralization. Considering appropriate countermeasures of environmental reclamation, such as artificial neutralization at some important sources of waste water before discharging the waste water from the mining sites, there is a possibility for environmental reclamation in both mining areas because unpolluted river water in the study area has sufficient capacity for neutralization in a natural system.

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“…Sulfurized copper ores are generally treated by flotation-smelting-refining [5][6][7]. Although they have reported economic [8] and metallurgical viability, there are environmental problems associated with the emission of sulfur dioxide and arsenic [9][10][11][12][13]. Arsenic, which has continuously increased in recent decades with the increasing extraction of copper sulfide [14], presents a risk to human health associated with a higher incidence of cancer and cardiovascular and respiratory diseases [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Study for Leaching of Covellite in a Chloride Media

Pérez

Toro

Saldaña

et al. 2020

Metals

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Covellite is a secondary copper sulfide, and it is not abundant. There are few investigations on this mineral in spite of it being formed during the leaching of chalcocite or digenite; the other investigations on covellite are with the use of mineraloids, copper concentrates, and synthetic covellite. The present investigation applied the surface optimization methodology using a central composite face design to evaluate the effect of leaching time, chloride concentration, and sulfuric acid concentration on the level of copper extraction from covellite (84.3% of purity). Copper is dissolved from a sample of pure covellite without the application of temperature or pressure; the importance of its purity is that the behavior of the parameters is analyzed, isolating the impurities that affect leaching. The chloride came from NaCl, and it was effectuated in a size range from –150 to +106 μm. An ANOVA indicated that the leaching time and chloride concentration have the most significant influence, while the copper extraction was independent of sulfuric acid concentration. The experimental data were described by a highly representative quadratic model obtained by linear regression (R2 = 0.99).

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Extreme air pollution with contaminants originating from the mining–metallurgical processes

Cited by 43 publications

References 33 publications

Leaching of Pure Chalcocite in a Chloride Media Using Sea Water and Waste Water

Leaching of Pure Chalcocite in a Chloride Media Using Sea Water and Waste Water

Estimation and comparison of the environmental impacts of acid mine drainage‐bearing river water in the Bor and Majdanpek porphyry copper mining areas in Eastern Serbia

Statistical Study for Leaching of Covellite in a Chloride Media

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