Extravasation of ethiodol into deep tissues of the foot: a complication of lymphangiography

Be, Rubin

doi:10.2214/ajr.131.2.342

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Rarely, extravasation of Ethiodol into the soft tissues of the feet may cause pain and discomfort for protracted periods (months). 9 In a study of 42 patients with a lymphatic leak, Cope et al demonstrated a cure with thoracic duct embolization and needle disruption in 74% of the patients with no morbidity with a follow-up period of 3 months. 10 In 7 of the 42 patients (17%), access into the thoracic duct could not be obtained, and these patients went on to surgical thoracic duct ligation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphangiography: A Case Study

Syed

Georgiades²,

Hart

2007

Semin intervent Radiol

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Lymphatic leak is a rare but well-described complication of a multitude of surgeries, whose sequela may potentially be life threatening. For cases refractory to conservative management, surgical therapy has been the mainstay of treatment. Although radiology has always played a contributory role in the diagnosis of lymphatic leaks with lymphoscintigraphy and lymphangiography, minimally invasive management of lymphatic leaks by interventional radiologists has only been described in the last decade. We present a case of percutaneous disruption of the cisterna chyli to treat a lymphatic leak of the thoracic duct.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphangiography: A Case Study

Syed

Georgiades²,

Hart

2007

Semin intervent Radiol

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“…A review of the medical literature reveals no documented reports of extravasation of Ethiodol during sialography, although extravasation of Ethiodol has been documented as a complication of lymphangiography of the foot in efforts to visualize pelvic lymph nodes. 4 Extravasation of the contrast agent from a weakened or obstructed duct can occur even in the hands of an experienced sialographer. Sialographers can minimize the consequences of oily contrast extravasation by using an alternative water-soluble agent such as Sinografin (Patheon Italia SpA, Ferentino, Italy).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethiodol Extravasation during Sialography

Schilt

Fritsch

2010

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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“…The use of injectable EPO is generally safe. Nevertheless, several complications have been reported, including pulmonary embolism, transient fever, lymphangitis, transient hypothyroidism, allergic reaction, local inflammation, foreign body reactions, and paradoxical emboli causing stroke [4][5][6][14][15][16][17][18]. Due to its high viscosity, EPO can cause temporary occlusion of the vessel and ischemia, particularly the pulmonary artery or systemic arteries, in the presence of right-to-left shunts [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Uses and Short-Term Safety Profile of Ethiodized Poppy Seed Oil Contrast Agent in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Anomalies and Tumors

et al. 2021

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Background: There is a sparsity of data on the use of ethiodized poppy seed oil (EPO) contrast agent (Lipiodol) in patients. We investigated the safety of EPO in children, adolescents, and some adults for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Methods: All patients who underwent procedures with EPO between 1995 and 2014 were retrospectively included. Demographic characteristics, diagnosis, dose, route of administration, preparation of EPO in combination with other agents, and complications were recorded. Results: In 1422 procedures, EPO was used for diagnostic or treatment purposes performed in 683 patients. The mean patient age was 13.4 years (range: 2 months–50 years); 58% of patients were female. Venous malformations (n = 402, 58.9%) and arteriovenous malformations (n = 60, 8.8%) were the most common diagnosis. Combined vascular anomalies included capillary–lymphatic–venous malformations, fibroadipose vascular anomalies (n = 54, 7.9%), central conducting lymphatic anomalies (n = 31, 4.5%), lymphatic malformations (n = 24, 3.5%), aneurysmal bone cysts (n = 22, 3.2%), and vascularized tumors (n = 11, 1.6%). In 1384 procedures (96%), EPO was used in various combinations with sclerosing and embolization agents, including sodium tetradecyl sulfate, ethanol, and glue. The mean volume of EPO used in interventions was 3.85 mL (range: 0.1–25 mL) per procedure with a mean patient weight of 45.9 kg (range: 3.7–122.6 kg) and a weight-adjusted dose of 0.12 mL/kg (range: 0.001–1.73 mL/kg). In 56 procedures (4%), EPO was used as a single agent for diagnostic lymphangiography. The mean volume was 4.8 mL (range: 0.3–13 mL) per procedure with a mean patient weight of 27.4 kg (range: 2.4–79.3 kg) and a weight-adjusted dose of 0.2 mL/kg (range: 0.04–0.54 mL/kg). Procedural-related complications occurred in 25 (1.8%) procedures. The 20 minor and 5 major complications were related to the primary treatment agents. None of them were directly related to EPO. No allergic reactions were noted. Conclusion: The use of an ethiodized poppy seed oil contrast agent in children, adolescents, and adults for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes is safe.

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Extravasation of ethiodol into deep tissues of the foot: a complication of lymphangiography

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Lymphangiography: A Case Study

Lymphangiography: A Case Study

Ethiodol Extravasation during Sialography

Clinical Uses and Short-Term Safety Profile of Ethiodized Poppy Seed Oil Contrast Agent in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Anomalies and Tumors

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