Extratos Vegetais de Espécies de Plantas do Cerrado Sul-Matogrossense com Potencial de Bioherbicida e Bioinseticida

Abstract

Estudos recentes têm revelado os efeitos positivos de algumas espécies de plantas do cerrado sul-matogrossense na inibição do crescimento populacional de linhagem ou espécies bacterianas. Objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a composição química e os efeitos antimicrobianos dos extratos etanólicos de duas espécies de plantas comuns no cerrado sul-matogrossense. Os testes e análise experimental foram conduzidos nos laboratórios Multidisciplinares do Centro Universitário Anhanguera de Campo Grande, com testes de bioautografia e meios de culturas. Dentre os resultados obtidos, os testes fitoquímicos indicaram a presença de flavonoides, taninos, saponinas, terpenos e derivados cinâmicos nas espécies Synadenium carinatum e Polygonum acre. Na avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana por meio dos métodos bioautografias, as duas espécies apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana positiva, diminuindo o crescimento populacional de bactérias no meio de cultura contendo os extratos destas plantas, prospectando estudos futuros na identificação de substâncias inibidoras da divisão celular de bactérias. Palavra-chave: Plantas. Alelopatia. Inflamatórios. Naturais. Abstrat Recent studies have shown the positive effects of some species from southern Mato Grosso cerrado plants in the inhibition of strain population or bacterial species growth. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition and the antimicrobial effects of ethanol extracts of two species fromcommon plants in Mato Grosso do Sul cerrado. The tests and experimental analysis werecarried outin the laboratory Multidisciplinary University Center Anhanguera Campo Grande, with bioauthography tests and cultures media. Among the results obtained, phytochemical tests indicated the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenes and cinnamic derivatives in species carinatumSynadenium and Polygonum acre. In the evaluation of antimicrobial activity using the methods bioautographies, the two species had positive antimicrobial activity, reducing the bacteria population growth in culture medium containing extracts of these plants, prospecting for future studies on the identification of substances that inhibit bacteria's cell division.

ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF Sorghum bicolor AND Digitaria insularis ON GERMINATION AND INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CANOLA

“…Allelochemicals are natural herbicides and insecticides, produced by plants as their self-defense mechanism; these compounds, when isolated, are potential sources for molds of new structural arrangements and sustainable agricultural management, less invasive to the environment (Silva et al, 2017). As observed in S. bicolor, the number of dead seeds grow with increased extract concentrations, exhibiting is a second-order dependence between these parameters ( Figure 1C).…”

Selectivity and sublethal effect of botanical extracts on adults of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

“…Botanical extracts were largely used in agricultural and medical pest control as insecticides between 1930 and 1950, but were later substituted by synthetic molecules (MaChaDo et al 2007;Martinez 2011). From these compounds, several chemical substances synthetized in the secondary metabolism of plants can be obtained and be used as insecticides, allowing the expansion of agroecological products (silVa et al 2017). However, one of the limitations of botanical insecticides usage is the lack of knowledge about the effect of these compounds on the benefic fauna of agroecosystems (VenDraMiM & Castiglioni 2000), especially in regard to pest's natural enemies.…”