Extrapulmonary Localization of Gallium in Sarcoidosis

Rohatgi, Prashant K.; Singh, Rajinder; Vieras, Frank

doi:10.1097/00003072-198701000-00003

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Several markers and techniques have been investigated for assessment of disease activity and location in sarcoidosis including serum ACE levels, 67 Ga citrate scintigraphy, and FDG positron emission tomography (PET). Serum ACE is thought to be produced by the epithelioid cells within sarcoid granulomas.…”

Section: Ace Level 67 Gallium (Ga) Citrate Scintigraphy Fdg Positromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extrapulmonary accumulation has also been reported in the lacrimal and parotid glands, nasopharynx, skin, bone, muscle, and abdominal nodes. Normal intense 67 Ga uptake in the liver and spleen limits assessment of these organs [67]. Although 67 Ga uptake is also seen in lymphoma and granulomatous infections, a positive finding on a 67 Ga citrate scintigraphic scan may be helpful in selecting a site for diagnostic biopsy and in monitoring disease activity.…”

Section: B Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging Manifestations of Abdominal Sarcoidosis

Warshauer

Lee²

2004

American Journal of Roentgenology

181

139

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Section: Ace Level 67 Gallium (Ga) Citrate Scintigraphy Fdg Positromentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Manifestations of Abdominal Sarcoidosis

Warshauer

Lee²

2004

American Journal of Roentgenology

181

139

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“…127 Areas of heightened activity on bone scan correlate with the presence of granulomatous inflammation in those sites. 128,129 In a series of 14 patients with known osseous sarcoidosis, Yaghmai observed that all lesions evident on plain films were noted on technetium 99 scintigraphy. 112 Several lesions appeared larger by scintigraphy than by radiography.…”

Section: Other Imaging Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…112 Uniformly, bone scanning identifies multiple areas of increased activity in osseous sarcoidosis. 106,112,[127][128][129][130][131][132][133] However, a number of disease states, particularly some that may mimic sarcoidosis, result in increased uptake. Given its nonspecificity, bone scintigraphy is not a suitable surrogate for tissue biopsy to diagnose osseous sarcoidosis.…”

Section: Other Imaging Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcoidosis Involving the Musculoskeletal System

Zisman¹,

Shorr²,

Lynch³

2002

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

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Although sarcoidosis can affect virtually any organ, musculoskeletal involvement is infrequent. Early in the course of the disease, acute polyarthritis may be observed in up to 40% of patients, but this is often self-limited. Chronic or recurrent sarcoid arthritis is rare, affecting only 1 to 4% of patients. Asymptomatic involvement of muscles has been reported in 25 to 75% of patients in small series, but symptomatic involvement of muscles is rare. Although prospective studies assessing the prevalence of muscle involvement in sarcoidosis have not been done, several large retrospective studies suggest that symptomatic muscle involvement occurs in < 0.5% of patients with sarcoidosis. Patterns of sarcoid muscle involvement include chronic, progressive myopathy; nodular or tumorous sarcoidosis affecting muscles; and an acute polymyositis-like syndrome. Corticosteroid therapy is usually efficacious for the acute myositis variant but is less consistently helpful in the other forms (e.g., chronic myopathy or nodules). Similarly, clinically significant involvement of bone is rare (< 2-5%), and is often associated with chronic multisystemic disease, lupus pernio, and chronic uveitis. Unfortunately, osseous sarcoidosis is often unresponsive to therapy. In this review, we discuss the prevalence, clinical features, and management of sarcoidosis involving muscle, joints, and bones.

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“…[11][12][13][14][15][16] Lacrimal gland uptake has also been found to be increased both in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis and in those with isolated extrathoracic disesase. 10,[17][18][19][20][21][22] Weinreb et al found increased gallium uptake in the lacrimal gland in 87% of sarcoidosis patients versus 31% of patients without sarcoidosis. 17 Frohman et al described positive gallium scans in 93% of patients clinically diagnosed as having sarcoidosis of the anterior visual pathway and in 71% of cases with other neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of sarcoidosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%