Extraordinary Manifestation of Evanescent Wave in Biomedical Application

Abstract

The idea of the proposed paper is a demonstration of the evanescent wave effect on nano-objects of inorganic and organic (in particular, formed blood elements) origin localized in a biological medium, in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the Pointing vector action. On the one hand, this opens up (illustrates) new possibilities in the optical control of the direction of motion and speed of the studied nanoobjects in a layer of biological fluid. On the other hand, the very choice of objects of this type suggests the possible prospects for their use in biology, medicine, pharmacology, and precision chemistry. So, in particular, gold nanoparticles, being non-toxic to the body, are able to penetrate through the cell biomembranes, accumulate in them, thereby contributing to the diagnosis of the cell state with subsequent optical exposure to them, up to destruction in case of cancer pathologies. The role of red blood cells (RBS) in the body is generally unique and controlling their motion contributes to the complex saturation of tissues with oxygen. The choice of just the evanescent wave is explained by the need for near-surface manipulation of optical energy flows, which is especially important in the situation of studying biological complexes and structures. Exclusive manifestation of the evanescent wave action became possible under specially selected experimental condition of evanescent wave exitation. A total internal reflection was realized at the interface between the prism and a biological medium by a linearly polarized wave with the azimuth of polarization of ±45 • . The result of such an excitation mechanism was a complex distribution of the optical flow density, which is accompanied by a change in the energy density both in the longitudinal direction coinciding with the direction of the wave vector and in the transverse direction perpendicular to the wave vector. The paper summarizes the latest theoretically and experimentally obtained results illustrating the rectilinear and rotational motion of investigated objects in a biological environment.

Structured Light Control and Diagnostics Using Optical Crystals

“…Applied aspects of the research reported in this paper are associated with additional possibilities for optical manipulation, especially in biological and medical applications because many bio-tissues are characterized by the remarkable optical anisotropy [23]. Besides, the highly adaptive and flexible optical traps can be used for controllable delivering and distribution of biologically active species at the cellular and sub-cellular scales.…”

“…In case when the evanescent wave is formed in the process of total internal reflection from the prism surface, the SM direction is determined by input beam polarization. The experimental observation of this "extraordinary" SM [8] in evanescent waves requires a more exquisite technique [21] than that was used in the case of paraxial beams [18,19], but it has also been demonstrated with the help of anisotropic birefringent objects [22,23]. The unique peculiarity of these demonstrations was the micro-object's motion in a direction different from the Poynting-vector direction.…”

Fluorescence Record Diagnostics of 3D Rough-Surface Landscapes With Nano-Scale Inhomogeneities

“…The useful features of the presented approach are directly associated with the employment of the high-precision optical tweezer, which is one of the numerous examples of structured light fields that constitute a set of new, extremely suitable instruments for nano-scale diagnostics and technologies [21,[35][36][37]. In the optical tweezer discussed above, the light's spatial structure plays a decisive role; however, the complex polarization and spectral structures of probing light fields offer additional promising possibilities in the roughness diagnostics.…”

Acoustic spin and orbital angular momentum using evanescent Bessel beams

“…The main idea of this work was to show the possible connections among optics, electromagnetic and sound waves and where the acoustic spin density can bring interest by studying the remarked similarities among evanescent waves [25,26,27,28]. Using this kind of analogies may be helpful to explore new possibilities in the acoustic control of the direction of motion and speed of nano-objects in a layer of biological fluid as the red blood cells [39,40].…”