Extranodal non-B, non-T-cell lymphoma with bilateral tympanic bulla involvement in a cat

Kerns, Austin T; Brakel, Kelsey A.; Premanandan, Christopher; Saffire, Ashlie; Moore, Sarah A.

doi:10.1177/2055116918756724

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A similar growth pattern via the tympano-occipital fissure was suspected in a cat with middle ear lymphomatous infiltration. Such lymphomatous infiltration of the middle ear has been described rarely in cats, [53][54][55][56] and should be taken into consideration as a differential diagnosis for infectious middle ear disease with intracranial empyema, given the shared MRI features.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features of lymphoma involving the nervous system in cats

Durand

Keenihan

Schweizer

et al. 2022

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Lymphoma is the most common spinal cord neoplasm and second most common intracranial tumor in cats, but description of specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features is lacking. Objective Describe the clinical and MRI features of lymphoma affecting the central (CNS) or peripheral (PNS) nervous system or both in cats. Animals Thirty‐one cats with confirmed cytological or histopathological diagnosis or both of lymphoma involving the CNS or PNS or both, and MRI findings of the lesions. Methods Multicenter retrospective descriptive study. Signalment and medical information were recorded. Magnetic resonance imaging findings were reviewed by 3 observers following a list of predefined criteria and consensus was sought. Frequency distributions of the different categorical data were reported. Results Median duration of clinical signs at time of presentation was 14 days (range, 1‐90). Neurological examination was abnormal in 30/31 cats. On MRI, lesions affecting the CNS were diagnosed in 18/31 cats, lesions in both CNS and PNS in 12/31, and lesions in the PNS only in 1/31. Intracranial lesions were diagnosed in 22 cats (extra‐axial, 7/22; intra‐axial, 2/22; mixed, 13/22), and spinal lesions were diagnosed in 12 (6/12 involving the conus medullaris and lumbosacral plexuses). Infiltration of adjacent extra‐neural tissue was present in 11/31 cases. Contrast enhancement was seen in all lesions, being marked in 25/30. Meningeal enhancement was present in all but 2 cases. Several distinct MRI patterns were observed. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Nervous system lymphoma in cats has a wide range of MRI features, of which none is pathognomonic. However, together with clinical data and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, MRI may provide a strong tentative antemortem diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features of lymphoma involving the nervous system in cats

Durand

Keenihan

Schweizer

et al. 2022

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Lymphoma affecting the feline tympanic bulla appears to be rare/under-reported, with only four previously reported cases. [3][4][5][6] Immunophenotyping revealed T-cell lymphoma in two cases, 4,5 null-cell lymphoma in another 6 and was not specified in one case. 3 In our case, immunophenotype was consistent with B-cell lymphoma in accordance with previous cases of nasal and nasopharyngeal lymphoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Lymphoma with tympanic bulla involvement is rare, with only four previous reports in the veterinary literature. [3][4][5][6] In these reports, the outcome was poor, with most cases dying within a few days to a few weeks from diagnosis after receiving surgery alone or surgery and radiotherapy. [3][4][5][6] Here we describe the clinical and MRI features of a novel case of extranodal lymphoma involving the tympanic bulla, nasopharynx and extending intracranially in a cat treated with chemotherapy alone and surviving for more than 1 year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features, MRI findings and outcome of a primary extranodal B-cell lymphoma affecting the tympanic bulla treated with chemotherapy alone

Silva,

Fadda,

Paran

et al. 2023

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summaryA 2-year-old neutered female feline leukaemia virus (FeLV)-negative domestic shorthair cat was referred with an acute onset of vestibular signs. A clinical examination identified evidence of otitis externa of the right ear and enlargement of the right mandibular lymph node. MRI revealed predominantly T2 and FLAIR hyperintense and contrast-enhancing lesions affecting the right external ear canal, tympanic bulla and nasopharyngeal regions with intracranial extension. Cytology and culture and sensitivity samples collected from the middle ear via myringotomy revealed a population of intermediate to large lymphocytes consistent with lymphoma and mixed Staphylococcus chromogenes and Pasteurella species infection. PCR for antigen receptor rearrangements on the ear cytology was consistent with a B-cell rearrangement. A primary extranodal B-cell lymphoma affecting the tympanic bulla and other sites with secondary septic otitis media and interna was diagnosed. After the improvement of clinical conditions after corticosteroid, antibiotic and chemotherapy treatment, the cat was alive 22 months after diagnosis without recurrence of clinical signs.Relevance and novel informationThis is the first report of a primary extranodal B-cell lymphoma affecting the tympanic bulla with suspected involvement of the nasopharynx and cranial vault treated with chemotherapy alone in the veterinary literature. Although very rare, B-cell lymphoma should be included in the differentials for diseases affecting the inner and/or middle ear and extending intracranially in cats. Chemotherapy represents a non-invasive treatment modality with a survival of up to 22 months appearing possible.

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“…For example, nasal lymphoma is associated with longer survival times, and lymphoma arising in the central nervous system shows shorter survival [ 1 , 2 ]. On the other hand, lymphoma of the middle ear in cats is very rare, and the prognosis has been reported to be poor: a case of T-cell lymphoma diagnosed by tympanostomy was euthanized before treatment was started [ 3 ]; a case of non-B and non-T cell lymphoma was euthanized because of brain infiltration and apnea that developed after anesthesia induction [ 4 ]; a case of stage 1 T-cell lymphoma that was feline leukemia virus (FeLV)-positive died suddenly of seizures 7 days after completion of radiotherapy for middle ear and brain infiltration, with invasion to the liver and spleen on autopsy [ 5 ]. All patients in these previously reported cases died within a short period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

B-Cell Lymphoma of the Middle Ear Treated with Multidrug Chemotherapy in a Cat

Takahashi,

Nagata,

Kondo

2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Primary lymphoma of the middle ear is rare in cats, and little information has been accumulated on the treatment and course. An 11-year-old spayed female mixed-breed cat was brought to our hospital with facial nerve paralysis, which had been stable using prednisolone for 3 months. She was diagnosed with B-cell lymphoma of the right middle ear after otoscopic sampling, which showed evidence of the filling of bilateral tympanic bullae on computed tomography. Hepatic involvement was suspected, and she was treated with multidrug chemotherapy, resulting in clinical remission. On day 176, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography were performed at checkup, revealing tumor invasion into the nasopharyngeal region and the recurrence of hepatic lesions without any brain abnormality. Nasal congestion then worsened, and the patient died on day 228 after presenting with generalized seizures. Clinicians should be mindful of middle ear lymphoma as a differential diagnosis in cats who present with a sign of otitis media, especially whose condition does respond to corticosteroid treatment. The prognosis for feline middle ear lymphoma might not be as poor as previous reports, and multidrug chemotherapy might result in remission of the disease.

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Extranodal non-B, non-T-cell lymphoma with bilateral tympanic bulla involvement in a cat

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features of lymphoma involving the nervous system in cats

Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features of lymphoma involving the nervous system in cats

Clinical features, MRI findings and outcome of a primary extranodal B-cell lymphoma affecting the tympanic bulla treated with chemotherapy alone

B-Cell Lymphoma of the Middle Ear Treated with Multidrug Chemotherapy in a Cat

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