Extramedullary Hemopoiesis, Spleen, Rat

Lomax, Larry G.; Keyes, D. G.; Kociba, R.J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-84110-1_37

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Only splenic hematopoiesis, sometimes responsible for macroscopic splenic enlargement, has been reported in association with HS (9). Furthermore, hematopoietic splenic foci are very common findings in laboratory animals (14), which explains the frequency of such foci in our control group. On the other hand, hepatic hematopoiesis associated with HS has never been described before.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Histiocytic Sarcoma in C57BL/6J Female Mice is Associated with Liver Hematopoiesis: Review of 41 Cases

et al. 2003

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Forty-one cases of histiocytic sarcoma (HS) in C57BL/6J mice were histopathologically studied with special regard to unexpected associated hematopoietic disorders. These cases were retrieved among C57BL/6J female mice used as control mice in a chronic low-dose irradiation experiment. Hematopoietic characteristics were analysed by comparison to 41 disease-free mice from the same cohort. Tumoral involvement of the liver was observed in all 41 HS-bearing mice, followed by infiltration of the spleen (61.8%), lung (32.4%), bone marrow (14.3%), uterus (12.2%), lymph node (9.8%), and kidney (2.4%). By comparative analysis, we were able to demonstrate a significant association of HS with liver hematopoiesis (89.5% in HS group vs 15% in control mice, p < 0.00001), and with central hematopoietic disorders involving the myelocytic cells (decreased in HS, p = 0.003) and erythrocytic cells (increased in HS, p = 0.001). Microscopic characteristics of these 41 cases and physiopathology of the newly described hematopoietic features in HS are further discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Histiocytic Sarcoma in C57BL/6J Female Mice is Associated with Liver Hematopoiesis: Review of 41 Cases

et al. 2003

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“…An enlarged spleen may indicate that the immune system is reacting to infection in rodents [17, 18]. In our survey of the immune system of NM-Rs we found an unusual variation in spleen size in apparently healthy individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The mean spleen mass was 0.18% for ssNM-Rs and 0.35% for lsNM-Rs and the latter showed spleen masses similar to those of mice (Fig 1B). Since the liver and the spleen can both be sites of extramedullary hematopoiesis and could become enlarged during sickness in rodents [17, 18], we also measured liver mass (expressed as %BM) in the same NM-R cohort. Mean liver mass was not different between animals with small and large spleens (Fig 1C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In adulthood, secondary lymphoid organs like the spleen and lymph nodes participate in immune homeostasis. In humans and rodents extramedullary hematopoiesis takes place in the spleen to support adult bone marrow hematopoiesis under stress conditions [17, 18]. In addition, the spleen can also supply cells that stimulate cancer progression in mouse tumour models [19, 20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immune competence and spleen size scale with colony status in the naked mole-rat

Bégay

Cirovic

Barker

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Naked mole-rats (NM-R; Heterocephalus glaber) live in multi-generational colonies with a social hierarchy, show low cancer incidence and long life-spans. Here we asked if such extreme physiology might have an immune component. The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ and plays an essential role in response to immunological insults and may participate in combating cancer and slowing ageing. We investigated the anatomy, molecular composition and function of the NM-R spleen using RNA-sequencing and histological analysis in healthy animals. We found that spleen size in healthy NM-Rs varies considerably. We therefore classified NM-Rs according to spleen size as NM-Rs with small spleens or enlarged spleens. Animals with enlarged spleens showed potentially better anti-microbial profiles and were much more likely to have a high rank within the colony. Splenomegaly was associated with infection in sick NM-Rs, but not in NM-Rs with enlarged spleens. In all healthy NM-Rs splenic erythropoiesis, megakaryopoiesis and myelopoiesis were increased, but B lymphopoiesis was reduced and splenic marginal zone showed markedly altered morphology when compared to other rodents. However, in NM-Rs lymphocytes were found in secondary sites such as lymph nodes, gut lymphoid nodules and thymus. Thus, the NM-R spleen is a major site of adult hematopoiesis under normal physiological conditions. Overall, the NM-R immune system seems to rely mainly on innate immune responses with a more restricted adaptive immune response. We propose that the anatomical plasticity of the spleen might be regulated by social interaction and gives immunological advantage to increase the life-span of higher ranked animals.

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“…In adulthood, secondary lymphoid organs like the spleen and lymph nodes participate in immune homeostasis. In humans and rodents, extramedullary haematopoiesis takes place in the spleen to support adult bone marrow haematopoiesis under stress conditions [18,19]. In addition, the spleen can also supply cells that stimulate cancer progression in mouse tumour models [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune competence and spleen size scale with colony status in the naked mole-rat

et al. 2022

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Naked mole-rats (NM-R; Heterocephalus glaber ) live in multi-generational colonies with a social hierarchy, and show low cancer incidence and long life-spans. Here we asked if an immune component might underlie such extreme physiology. The largest lymphoid organ is the spleen, which plays an essential role in responding to immunological insults and may participate in combating cancer and slowing ageing. We investigated the anatomy, molecular composition and function of the NM-R spleen using RNA-sequencing and histological analysis in healthy NM-Rs. Spleen size in healthy NM-Rs showed considerable inter-individual variability, with some animals displaying enlarged spleens. In all healthy NM-Rs, the spleen is a major site of adult haematopoiesis under normal physiological conditions. However, myeloid-to-lymphoid cell ratio is increased and splenic marginal zone showed markedly altered morphology when compared to other rodents. Healthy NM-Rs with enlarged spleens showed potentially better anti-microbial profiles and were much more likely to have a high rank within the colony. We propose that the anatomical plasticity of the spleen might be regulated by social interaction and gives immunological advantage to increase the lifespan of higher-ranked animals.

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Extramedullary Hemopoiesis, Spleen, Rat

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Histiocytic Sarcoma in C57BL/6J Female Mice is Associated with Liver Hematopoiesis: Review of 41 Cases

Histiocytic Sarcoma in C57BL/6J Female Mice is Associated with Liver Hematopoiesis: Review of 41 Cases

Immune competence and spleen size scale with colony status in the naked mole-rat

Immune competence and spleen size scale with colony status in the naked mole-rat

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