Extragastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: A Differential Diagnosis of Compressive Upper Abdominal Tumor

Abstract

Introduction Extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGIST) are rare mesenchymal tumor lesions located outside the gastrointestinal tract. A rare compressing tumor with difficult diagnosis is reported. Presentation of the Case A male patient, 63 years old, was admitted in the emergency room complaining of stretching and continuous abdominal pain for one day. He took Hyoscine, with partial improvement of symptoms, but got worse due to hyporexia, and the abdominal pain persisted. The patient also reported early satiety and ten-pound weight loss over the last month. Discussion EGIST could be assessed by CT-guided biopsy, leading to diagnosis and proper treatment with surgical resection or Imatinib. Conclusion This case report highlights the importance of considering EGIST an important differential diagnosis of compressing upper abdominal tumors.

Extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumor presenting as a huge peritoneal mass and mimicking as mesothelioma – A case report

“…The omental E-GIST may more closely resemble gastric stromal tumors whereas the mesenteric tumors may mirror small bowel stromal tumors [ 9 ]. Studies have revealed that E-GIST tumors show positive immunohistochemistry in 93.3% for CD117 (c-kit receptor), 70% for CD34, 44% for neuron-specific enolase, 26% for smooth muscle actin, 10% for S100 and 4% for desmin [ 2 , 9 ]. However, there are GISTs that have a mutation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) instead of c-KIT and therefore they do not show the characteristic CD117 positive immunostaining [ 6 ].…”

“…GIST needs to be distinguished from leiomyoma, schwannoma, inflammatory fibroid polyps and fibromatosis [ 2 , 7 ]. Peritoneal mesotheliomas with sarcomatoid differentiation may mimic E-GIST and needs to be differentiated [ 17 ].…”

“…Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare tumors of mesenchymal origin, accounting for less than 1% of the primary neoplasms of the digestive tract [ 1 ]. These tumors can affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract from esophagus to anus, but can also occur in other locations in 10% of the cases, and, in such situations, these tumors are known as extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors (E-GIST) [ 2 ]. E-GIST was first described by Miettinen et al in 1999 [ 3 ].…”

An unusual presentation of an extragastrointestinal stromal tumour: a case report

“…Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are the most common non-epithelial gastric neoplasms and the most frequent mesenchymal tumour to affect the digestive tract [1][2][3][4]. These tumours are believed to arise from precursors of the interstitial cells of Cajal, regarded as the gastrointestinal "pacemaker" [5].…”

Bilateral giant extragastrointestinal stromal tumour of the retroperitoneum

“…Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are mesenchymal neoplasms that can appear in any segment of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and account for 0.1–3% of all GI tumours. They can be benign and malignant, and there are three histological types: spindle, epithelial, and mixed-cell [1]. Almost all GISTs express immunopositivity for CD117, a C-Kit proto-oncogene protein, which shows an increase in the function of C-Kit gene, which encodes growth factor receptor with tyrosine kinase activity [2].…”