Extracts of Edible and Medicinal Plants in Inhibition of Growth, Adherence, and Cytotoxin Production of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli

Abstract

Innovative tools for controlling Campylobacter, such as natural products from plants, represent good alternatives for use in foods or as therapeutic agents. The extracts of Acacia farnesiana, Artemisia ludoviciana, Opuntia ficus-indica, and Cynara scolymus were the most effective against these microorganisms. Adherence and cytotoxic activity of the bacteria to host mucosal surfaces which are critical steps in pathogenesis were decreased by these extracts. Our results point to these plants as potential candidates for the control of Campylobacter contamination in foods, the treatment of the diseases associated with this microorganism, and as feed supplements to reduce on-farm prevalence of Campylobacter.

Effect of spineless-cactus mucilage on the in vitro rumen fermentation of cellulose, starch, and protein

“…Mucilage levels affect the pH of the medium, but an alteration in acidity seems not to be sufficient to change microbial growth or volatile fatty acid production. Although a few studies consider that the spineless-cactus mucilage has some substances with antimicrobial activity (CASTILLO et al, 2011;SANCHÉZ et al, 2010), based on the present results, no indications of such type of activity were observed on the rumen microorganisms. Inclusion of spineless-cactus mucilage levels in the in vitro system affects the pattern of fermentation of starch, cellulose, and protein performed by rumen microorganisms.…”

“…There are many studies about the potential effects of the antimicrobial activity of spineless-cactus mucilage on several microorganisms associated with the intestinal tract of animals, which is an object of interest in the pharmaceutical area. Castillo et al (2011) observed a bactericide effect of cactus mucilage on the growth of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, whereas Sánchez et al (2010) saw its bactericidal effect on Vibrio cholerae. However, this bactericidal effect was not found on the rumen microorganisms.…”

“…The composition of this mucilage has been the object of many studies where, overall, the presence of several neutral sugars like L-arabinose, D-galactose, mannose, and xylose (among others) were detected (YAHIA et al, 2009). Spineless cactus also stands out for its concentration of soluble carbohydrates, which ranges from 29.1 to 57.9% in the dry matter (SANTOS et al, 2006), 12% starch (BATISTA et al, 2003), besides is hydrophilic nature (YAHIA et al, 2009;SANTOS et al, 2006;WAAL et al, 2006) and substances featuring antimicrobial activity (CASTILLO et al, 2011;SÁNCHEZ et al, 2010). However, there is little or no information about the actual impact of levels of spineless-cactus mucilage on the microbial rumen dynamics in the degradation of cellulose, starch, and protein.…”

Chemical composition, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of orange essential oil and its concentrated oils

“…The dilution method according to Castillo, Heredia, Contreras, and García (2011), with minor modifications was carried out. Briefly, an aliquot (50 μL) of fresh cultures adjusted to McFarland standard (0.5 ≈ 1 × 10 8 ) of each strain were added separately in tubes containing 5 mL of MHB with various concentrations of AN, LN, 5×, 10×, 20× (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2, 2.5 mg/mL final concentration in each tube for every oil).…”

Study of antibacterial activity of selected Iranian plant extracts on Helicobacter pylori

“…For centuries, medicinal plants have been used in traditional medicine to treat a wide range of diseases including digestive disorders such as ulcers. Aqueous extract of thyme and ethanolic extract of cinnamon have anti H. pylori effects [11][12][13].…”