Extracts of Canadian First Nations Medicinal Plants, Used as Natural Products, Inhibit Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates With Different Antibiotic Resistance Profiles

Cybulska, Paulina; Thakur, Sidharath Dev; Foster, Brian; Scott, Ian M.; Leduc, Renée I.; Arnason, John T.; Dillon, Jo-Anne R.

doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e31820cb166

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For example, the activities of many of these have not been examined against XDR or MDR gonococcal isolates, particularly those with ESC resistance or high-level azithromycin resistance. Furthermore, despite the fact that a breakthrough is lacking, as part of "thinking outside the box," it can be important to continuously evaluate appropriate plant extracts for in vitro activity against gonococci and, subsequently, for treatment of gonorrhea (136,(333)(334)(335)(336)(337)(338)(339)(340)(341)(342)(343)(344)(345). All novel potential treatment regimens for gonorrhea require up-to-date and comprehensive in vitro and, subsequently, in vivo evaluations, including appropriately designed, randomized, and controlled clinical trials to evaluate parameters such as efficacy, safety, toxicity, cost, optimal dose, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data for genital and extragenital (especially pharyngeal) gonorrhea.…”

Section: Future Perspectives For Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the 21st Century: Past, Evolution, and Future

2014

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SUMMARY Neisseria gonorrhoeae is evolving into a superbug with resistance to previously and currently recommended antimicrobials for treatment of gonorrhea, which is a major public health concern globally. Given the global nature of gonorrhea, the high rate of usage of antimicrobials, suboptimal control and monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and treatment failures, slow update of treatment guidelines in most geographical settings, and the extraordinary capacity of the gonococci to develop and retain AMR, it is likely that the global problem of gonococcal AMR will worsen in the foreseeable future and that the severe complications of gonorrhea will emerge as a silent epidemic. By understanding the evolution, emergence, and spread of AMR in N. gonorrhoeae , including its molecular and phenotypic mechanisms, resistance to antimicrobials used clinically can be anticipated, future methods for genetic testing for AMR might permit region-specific and tailor-made antimicrobial therapy, and the design of novel antimicrobials to circumvent the resistance problems can be undertaken more rationally. This review focuses on the history and evolution of gonorrhea treatment regimens and emerging resistance to them, on genetic and phenotypic determinants of gonococcal resistance to previously and currently recommended antimicrobials, including biological costs or benefits; and on crucial actions and future advances necessary to detect and treat resistant gonococcal strains and, ultimately, retain gonorrhea as a treatable infection.

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Section: Future Perspectives For Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the 21st Century: Past, Evolution, and Future

2014

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“…Berberine -an alkaloid isolated from plants of Berberidaceae family and present in numerous natural sources has its place in traditional medicine, and is believed to be a remedy for fungal and bacterial infections [245,246] as well as for cancer [247,248]. Current clinical trials are concentrated on the use of berberine in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome and on its effects on diabetes.…”

Section: Azanaphthalenes Under Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Privileged Structures - Dream or Reality: Preferential Organization of Azanaphthalene Scaffold

Polański

Kurczyk²,

Bąk³

et al. 2012

CMC

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The concept of privileged structures/substructures (PS) is the idea that certain structural features produce biological effects more often than others. The PS method can be seen as an offspring of fragonomics, which is based on recent experimental measurements of protein-ligand interactions. If PS prove to be true, then chemical motives that enrich biological activity can be used when designing new drugs. However, PS remain controversial because we cannot be sure whether the excess of active structures does not result from an abundance in chemical libraries. In this review, we will focus, in particular, on the preferential organization of azanaphthalene scaffolds (AN) in drugs and natural products (NP), which are preferred by Nature in evolution. We will show that knowledge discovery in molecular databases can reveal interesting time-trends profiles for important classes of potentially privileged scaffolds. The chemical library of AN is dominated by monoaza-compounds, among which quinoline appears to be the most frequently investigated scaffold; however; more sophisticated database mining seems to indicate different PS patterns within the AN scaffold family.

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“…This plant is furnished with setae and found in cold and lofty situations of the mountains [18]. Research work on other species of this plant indicates anti-inflammatory, [19], antibacterial, [20] and anti-arthritis [21] activities. Other species of the genus Gaultheria like G.yunnanensis , G. fragrantissima and G. procumbens are used in traditional medicine to treat arthritis in China, India, America and Canada.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaultheria trichophylla (Royle): a source of minerals and biologically active molecules, its antioxidant and anti-lipoxygenase activities

Alam

Saqib

Ashraf

2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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Background Gaultheria trichophylla (Royle) is used as food and for treating many ailments in folk medicine especially against inflammation. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the ability of extracts of G. trichophylla as anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agent and for its mineral contents.MethodsPowdered plant material (100 g) was extracted with 100 ml each of methanol, chloroform, and n-hexane using soxhlet extractor. Antioxidant activity of methanol extract was assessed by DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP assays. Determination of enzyme inhibition activity was determined using 5-LOX inhibitory activity. Total phenolic and flavonoids contents were measured by Folin-Chicalteu and colorimeteric methods respectively. Minerals and heavy metals contents were determined using Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Qualitative HPLC analysis were performed using some standard phenolic compounds.ResultsThe highest phenolic (17.5 ± 2.5 mg GA equivalent/g) and flavonoids (41.3 ± 0.1 mg QE equivalent/g) concentrations were found in methanol extract, which also showed more scavenging activity of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and ferrous reducing power with IC50 = 81.2 ± 0.2 and IC50 = 11.2 ± 0.1 μg/ml, respectively. The methanol and chloroform extracts showed best inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase enzyme with 90.5 ± 0.7% and 66.9 ± 0.1% at 0.5 mg/ml, respectively. G. trichophylla extract was also evaluated for mineral contents (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Cu), and for chemical profiling of heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Cd, Co, Zn, Ni and Hg).ConclusionOur current findings suggest that this plant is good source of minerals and concentration of all heavy metals were within permissible limits. The results revealed that this ignored plant has great pharmaceutical and nutraceutical potential.

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Extracts of Canadian First Nations Medicinal Plants, Used as Natural Products, Inhibit Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates With Different Antibiotic Resistance Profiles

Abstract: Canadian botanicals represent a potential source of novel compounds which inhibit Ng, including isolates resistant to antibiotics.

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the 21st Century: Past, Evolution, and Future

Antimicrobial Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the 21st Century: Past, Evolution, and Future

Privileged Structures - Dream or Reality: Preferential Organization of Azanaphthalene Scaffold

Gaultheria trichophylla (Royle): a source of minerals and biologically active molecules, its antioxidant and anti-lipoxygenase activities

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