Extracts from the edible insects Acheta domesticus and Tenebrio molitor with improved fatty acid profile due to ultrasound assisted or pressurized liquid extraction

Abstract

Extracts from the edible insects Acheta domesticus and Tenebrio molitor were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and pressurized-liquid extraction (PLE) using ethanol (E) or ethanol:water (E:W). Extraction yield, fatty acid profile, nutritional impact and cholesterol content were determined and compared with the initial insects. The highest extraction yield corresponded to PLE-T. molitor extracts. A decrease in total saturated fatty acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) contents, and an increase in the total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content were observed for both UAE-E:W insect extracts, due to an enrichment in linoleic acid. The lipid indices (PUFA/SFA ratio, atherogenic and thrombogenic indices) for both UAE-E:W extracts were significantly improved compared with the initial insects. Although either extraction procedure led to cholesterol enrichment, the UAE-E:W conditions favoured the lowest concentration. Therefore, insects extracts with improved fatty acid profile can be selectively obtained, being UAE-E:W conditions preferred from the nutritional point of view.

Impact of Diets Including Agro-Industrial By-Products on the Fatty Acid and Sterol Profiles of Larvae Biomass from Ephestia kuehniella, Tenebrio molitor and Hermetia illucens

“…In the case of H. illucens, β-sitosterol was the main sterol identified followed, by campesterol, consistent with previous studies [11,49,50]. Compared to the control diet, the diet based on fresh apricots (AP-R) increased cholesterol and stigmasterol and decreased campesterol, while no β-sitosterol or stigmastanol were detected.…”

Edible insect processing pathways and implementation of emerging technologies

“…Traditional extraction procedures are often time consuming, inefficient and non-selective (Otero et al, 2020). Ultrasound and PEF have shown important solutions for these problems.…”

Seaweed polysaccharides: Emerging extraction technologies, chemical modifications and bioactive properties

“…This technique is based on the use of water or other solvents at high temperatures and pressures, maintaining the solvent in the liquid state. The operation conditions usually vary between 50-200 °C for temperature and 35-200 bar for pressure (Otero et al 2020;Navarro del Hierro et al 2020;Ciko et al 2018;Abdul Khalil et al 2018). Some advantages of PLE include the use of less amount of solvent, short times or high efficiency (Saravana et al 2016).…”