Extraction Techniques for Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water Samples

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous pollutants in our environment and their importance appears from their toxicity and carcinogenicity to human. Water can become contaminated with PAHs from different sources such as runoff in urban areas, waste water from certain industries and petroleum spills. The selected extraction technique, not only influences the accuracy of the results, but also determines the total analysis time and costs. Different extraction techniques used to release PAHs from water samples have been overviewed since proper extraction procedures were necessary to achieve optimum analytical results. The extraction performance of each technique in terms of extraction conditions, time and further treatment required were also comparable. Selecting the suitable and effective extraction method for extracting PAHs from different water samples have been highlighted in this review; the aim was to provide an overview of current knowledge and information in order to assess the need for further extraction, analysis and quantification of these toxic compounds in water samples.