Extraction, separation, modification, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of plant polysaccharides

Abstract

Polysaccharide is an important macromolecule with biological activity, and its biological activity is closely related to its structure. The extraction methods and modification methods of polysaccharides directly affect the structure of polysaccharides and then affect the biological activities of polysaccharides. In this paper, the extraction, separation, and modification of polysaccharides and their advantages and disadvantages were reviewed, and the research methods of structure characterization and antioxidant activity were discussed. This not only provides ideas for optimizing the extraction, separation, and modification methods of plant polysaccharides, but also provides the basic theoretical basis for the structural analysis and antioxidant activity research of plant polysaccharides.

Physicochemical Characterization of an Exopolysaccharide Produced by Lipomyces sp. and Investigation of Rheological and Interfacial Behavior

“…The strong and sharp absorption peak at 1017.03 cm −1 came from the stretching vibration of C-O, which was also a characteristic absorption peak of polysaccharides [25]. The absorption peak at 547.49 cm −1 was the characteristic absorption peak of the phosphate ester bond [26]. Considering a large amount of PO −4 was contained in the fermentation medium, it was reasonable that the absorption peak of the phosphate ester bond appeared in the FT-IR of LSEP.…”

The Extraction, Functionalities and Applications of Plant Polysaccharides in Fermented Foods: A Review

“…Polysaccharides from plants may contain many impurities, including lipids, proteins, lignin, polynucleotides, minerals and pigments. Therefore, measures have to be adopted to purify the polysaccharides before being used in food or medicine [ 63 , 64 ]. Natural polysaccharide products’ purity, quality, and uniformity are not comparable in molecular weight and structure due to variations in cultivation conditions, geographical location, and planting techniques [ 65 ].…”

Polysaccharides and Derivatives from Africa to Address and Advance Sustainable Development and Economic Growth in the Next Decade

“…Other solvents such as chloroform [10] or acetone [17] might be used as upstream steps for the removal of polyphenols, lipids, and proteins before extracting the polysaccharide content. Overall, many recent papers and reviews can be found in the literature, which should be surveyed to adapt the extraction strategy to the experimental bioresources, and above all, to the type and location of the expected polysaccharides [15,[18][19][20][21]. Those steps are often realized by successive extractions using solvents with growing polarity.…”

“…that easily fulfill the basic criteria for cosolvent extraction at low temperature under heterogeneous (and/or non-conventional) conditions. Numerous decent reviews can be found in the literature regarding the subject and should be firstly analyzed to make practical and viable choices and improvements of polysaccharides extracting/purifying strategies [18,19,21,42]. Figure 2 gives an overview of the main approaches for extracting various (African) polysaccharides regarding their structural location in plants and/or macroalgae.…”

“…Oligo-and polysaccharides have many biological and pharmacological activities such as immunomodulatory, immuno-restorative, immunoregulatory, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral, etc. [1,4,6,11,[18][19][20][21][22]25,30,[34][35][36][37][38][40][41][42][43]63]. Thus, numerous reports on the biological activity of polysaccharides extracted from plants and used in traditional medicines have been published.…”