Extraction, Purification, Quantification, and Stability of Bioactive Spilanthol from Acmella oleracea

Abstract

Acmella oleracea is an ethnobotanically significant plant with a relatiwely high content of spilanthol. Due to its broad spectrum of activity, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, antifungal, and bacteriostatic properties, it is considered a valuable bioactive natural product. In addition, spilanthol as its main bioactive component inhibits facial muscle contractions, making it an attractive ingredient in anti-wrinkle and anti-aging cosmetics. Due to its muscle paralyzing effects, it is called herbal botox. The commercial interest in spilanthol encourages the development of effective methods of isolating it from plant material. The methodology used in this paper allows for the obtaining of extracts from Acmella oleracea with a relatively high content of spilanthol. An effective method of spilanthol extraction from all aerial parts of Acmella oleracea as well as methods of enriching spilanthol concentration in extracts achieved by removing polar and acidic substances from crude extracts was developed. To quantify the concentration of spilanthol, a simple, fast and economically feasible quantification protocol that uses nuclear magnetic resonance (HNMR) was developed. In addition, it has been proven, that oxidation of spilanthol by air gives (2E,7Z)-6,9-endoperoxy-N-(2-methylpropyl)-2,7-decadienamide. The studies on spilanthol solutions stability were carried out and the conditions for the long-time storage of spilanthol solutions have also been developed. Additionally, for confirmation of obtained results a sensitive (LOQ=1 ng/mL), precise (RSD lower than 7%) and accurate (RE lower than 7.5%), new HPLC-MS/MS method was applied.

NPASS database update 2023: quantitative natural product activity and species source database for biomedical research

“…There has been increasing interest in NP drug discovery ( 1 ), new nutrition sources from plant diversity ( 49 ), and the exploration of beneficiary effects of herbs ( 50 ). These extensive investigations are generating data on a wider variety of NP activity ( 51 , 52 ) and on the composition/concentration of NPs in various species ( 53 , 54 ). The rich information generated from these and future investigations can be incorporated into the NPASS database and other established databases ( https://data.nal.usda.gov/dataset/usda-database-flavonoid-content-selected-foods-release-32-november-2015 ) ( 14 , 15 ).…”

Selected Plants as Sources of Natural and Active Ingredients for Cosmetics of the Future

“…Furthermore, they can be used for the pretreatment of plant material, which facilitates subsequent extraction [140]. However, traditional isolation methods, such as maceration or extraction in Soxhlet's apparatus, are still often employed as effective techniques for isolation of plant ingredients, especially those mentioned in this work [141][142][143][144]. Table 6 presents the review of extraction methods of active chemicals from A. oleracea, C. asiatica, P. corylifolia, P. lanceolata, and S. virgaurea.…”

Effect of shading and growing season on the agronomic performance of jambu1

“…It contains several bioactive compounds, including spilanthol, used commercially as an anti-inflammatory, for mouth and throat treatments and as an anesthetic (Rondanelli et al 2020). Additionally, Grymel et al (2022) reported that spilanthol inhibits subcutaneous muscle contraction, enabling its application in cosmetics.…”