Extraction of Valuable Metals from Red Mud

He, Ao Ping; Hu, Zhi Liu; Cao, De Guang; Zeng, Jian Min; Wu, Bo; Wang, Lin Jiang

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.667

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…One potential source of Sc is bauxite residue, a waste product from aluminum production . Bauxite residue, also called red mud (RM), is currently being produced on very large scales (>15 million t/a); furthermore, large amounts of this material are presently stored in holding ponds due to a lack of commercial applications .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost Analysis as a Tool for the Development of Sc Recovery Processes from Bauxite Residue (Red Mud)

Narayanan

Kazantzis

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Process development for the recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from production wastes is generally seen as one strategy to address potential supply shortages for these critical materials. However, very few reported process systems are both technologically feasible and economically viable. Herein, we propose a strategy which considers comprehensive cost analysis in the presence of irreducible uncertainty as a core strategy introduced early on at the process design stage for the recovery of scandium (Sc) from bauxite residue (red mud). The latter represents an important process example of REE recovery from what is typically considered a waste material. In particular, using both a classical and a probabilistic framework for cost model development and assessment, cost is considered as a key design parameter in addition to selectivity and yield to design processes primed for industrial applications. We further show that such an approach affords significantly enhanced prospects of economic viability to the proposed process system when comparatively evaluated against reported ones, thus promising to drive environmental remediation of red mud through recovery of a valuable material (Sc 2 O 3 ) under enhanced environmental and economic performance profiles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost Analysis as a Tool for the Development of Sc Recovery Processes from Bauxite Residue (Red Mud)

Narayanan

Kazantzis

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Bauxite residue, also called red mud (RM), is customarily considered a waste product resulting from aluminum ore refining but may also be viewed as a potential alternative source of Sc . RM is being produced and stockpiled on scales as large as 150 million t/y, of which only less than 4 million t/y are found in follow-up processes. , The Sc content of RM varies between 15 and 170 ppm, depending on the source of bauxite; furthermore, other REs are also present (∼850 to 1200 ppm of mostly Y, La, Ce, Pr, and Nd) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Process Steps for the Recovery of Scandium from Jamaican Bauxite Residue (Red Mud)

Narayanan

Kazantzis

Emmert

2017

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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We report the development of a process allowing the selective, sustainable recovery of scandium (Sc) with 75% efficiency from Jamaican bauxite residue (red mud), a waste product from aluminum production. The process design is inspired by green chemistry principles and focuses on establishing highly selective process steps (sulfation, leaching, and precipitation) in order to minimize costs and waste produced. In addition to scandium oxide, the chosen approach produces mixed rare earth oxides as a side product, thus isolating an average of 88% of all rare earth elements contained in red mud. Furthermore, in light of predicted supply shortages of the critical material Sc and the need to establish cost-effective bauxite residue remediation techniques, a systematic Monte Carlo-based economic performance assessment framework is developed in order to evaluate the economic prospects of the proposed process system in the presence of irreducible uncertainty.

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Experimental Investigation on Reduction of Cast Iron from Bayer Red Mud and Laterite Nickel

Jian-min

Wang

2018

The Minerals, Metals &Amp; Materials Series

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Extraction of Valuable Metals from Red Mud

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Cost Analysis as a Tool for the Development of Sc Recovery Processes from Bauxite Residue (Red Mud)

Cost Analysis as a Tool for the Development of Sc Recovery Processes from Bauxite Residue (Red Mud)

Selective Process Steps for the Recovery of Scandium from Jamaican Bauxite Residue (Red Mud)

Experimental Investigation on Reduction of Cast Iron from Bayer Red Mud and Laterite Nickel

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