Extraction of lipids from microalgae by ultrasound application: Prospection of the optimal extraction method

Abstract

Microalgae have the ability to grow rapidly, synthesize and accumulate large amounts (approximately 20-50% of dry weight) of lipids. A successful and economically viable algae based oil industry will depend on the selection of appropriate microalgal strains and the selection of the most suitable lipid extraction method. In this paper, five extraction methods were evaluated regarding the extraction of lipids from Chlorella vulgaris: Bligh and Dyer, Chen, Folch, Hara and Radin, and Soxhlet. Furthermore, the addition of silica powder was studied to evaluate the introduction of more shear stress to the system as to increase the disruption of cell walls. Among the studied methods, the Bligh and Dyer method assisted by ultrasound resulted in the highest extraction of oil from C. vulgaris (52.5% w/w). Addition of powder silica did not improve the extraction of oil.

Microalgae as a Feedstock for Biofuel Precursors and Value-Added Products: Green Fuels and Golden Opportunities

“…Nitrogen limitations or other stresses, enhance lipid accumulation for almost all microalgal species (Araujo et al 2013). For fuel production, the lipid content (% lipid per dry weight of biomass) and the lipid productivity (volumetric g L -2 d -1 or areal g m -2 d -1 ) are pivotal considerations to evaluate the potential of algal strains to produce biofuel.…”

Effects of Light Exposure and Nitrogen Source on the Production of Oil from Freshwater and Marine Water Microalgae

“…The oil content in the algae was determined using ultrasound assisted solvent extraction according to Bligh and Dyer method described by Araujo et al (2013). Firstly, the algae biomass was homogenized and mixed with 25 mL methanol, 12.5 mL chloroform and 5 mL distilled deionized water.…”

COMPARAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES MÉTODOS EXTRATIVOS DE LIPÍDEOS A PARTIR DA BIOMASSA DE Trichormus sp. CENA77 VISANDO APLICAÇÃO NA SÍNTESE DE BIODIESEL

“…A extração de lipídeos a partir de micro-organismos, em especial microalgas e cianobactérias é basicamente uma operação de transferência de massa, a qual depende da natureza do soluto e da seletividade do solvente, bem como o sistema empregado para conduzir o processo e o nível de convecção no meio (Araujo et al, 2013). A seleção de solventes adequados é essencial para o processo, tendo em vista que podem enfraquecer a estrutura da parede celular, facilitando o seu rompimento, e assim, a liberação do material lipídico.…”

“…O solvente orgânico ideal deve apresentar as seguintes características: polaridade adequada aos lipídeos nas células, baixo custo de aquisição, fácil remoção, toxicidade nula, insolubilidade em água, reciclável e eficiente para dissolver os componentes de interesse (Chen et al, 2010). Muitos sistemas mecânicos e abordagens físico-químicas têm sido avaliados, aliados ao solvente extrator para promover a ruptura da parede celular dos micro-organismos, dentre os mais utilizados encontram-se os reatores de micro-ondas e ultrassons (Mercer, Armenta, 2011;Araujo et al, 2013).…”