Extraction of keratin from unhairing of bovine hide

Souza, Franck da Rosa de; Benvenuti, Jaqueline; Meyer, Michael; Wulf, H.; Klüver, Enno; Gutterres, Mariliz

doi:10.1080/00986445.2020.1842740

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Here, the protein content was estimated according to the analysis of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), which is obtained by multiplying the nitrogen content by a variable factor for each protein. Regarding keratin, the protein yield was calculated by multiplying the nitrogen content by a factor of 6.25 [22].…”

Section: Nitrogen Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Keratin present in tannery hair wastes has been utilized for several industrial applications such as leather and textile processing and agriculture input [2,5,[17][18][19], the development of keratin-based biomaterials platform [2,13], pharmaceutical and cosmetic application [17,[20][21][22]]. Another study which was conducted by using sheep wool as raw material, alkaline as a hydrolysing agent, and temperatures of 75, 85, 95, and 99 °C reported a percentage yield of 87% using 8% NaOH at 95 °C [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of Keratin Hydrolysate Extraction from Tannery Sheep Hair Waste

Mengistu

Angassa

Tessema

2023

International Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Tannery hair wastes are becoming a challenge for tanners regarding environmental pollution control and human health. In this study, an experiment had been designed to hydrolyse sheep hair in an alkaline medium, and the operational condition for the alkaline extraction of KH has been modeled and optimized. The structure, morphology, functional groups, particle size, and molecular mass of the KH extracts were evaluated experimentally by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size analysis, and SDS-PAGE analysis, respectively. FTIR analysis of the extract confirmed the presence of carboxylic, amide, and aldehyde functional groups and alkyl side chains of amino acids. The molecular weight of the extracted keratin ranges between 3–15 kDa, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed an amorphous form of structure with two peaks at 2 theta of 9.36° and 21.16° due to α -helix and β - sheet structure in keratin. Response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with BOX-Behnken design was applied as a statistical tool to investigate the effect of extraction time, the concentration of the hydrolysing agent, and temperature on the response variable (yield of keratin protein). The concentration of the hydrolysing agent was found to be the most significant factor affecting the speed of extraction, but its gradual increase tends to affect the protein content of the extract. Optimum parameters of 0.5 N, 80°C, and 3.5 hr were obtained for the concentration of NaOH, temperature, and extraction time, respectively, with a maximum average protein yield of 91.5% and a percentage total nitrogen content of 14.6% using the Kjeldahl method and 86.57% using the biuret test method.

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Section: Nitrogen Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%