Extraction of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) essential oil by steam distillation and evaluation of chemical constituents

Abstract

Citrus hystrix which is commonly known as Kaffir Lime, is a plant with great potential for research and commercialization. C. hystrix essential oil is used as a fragrance to increase appetite in food, or sweet-smelling in cosmetics and antibacterial properties in the health field. Most research have focused on the peels, yet the EO content in C. hystrix leaves is also noteworthy. There are many essential oils extraction methods from conventional to advanced techniques. However, it is necessary to consider the influence of heat during heat transfer to constituents in materials, which easily decompose the volatile compounds contained in the essential oil. Steam distillation method can limit this disadvantage by separating the solvents and materials into two places that are only connected by a steam pipe. In this study, the steam distillation method was employed to extract the EOs from C. hystrix leaves. The chemical components in this EOs was evaluated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. C. hystrix leaves achieved an essential oil yield of 1.24%. Moreover, different compounds in Kaffir Lime EOs obtained from steam distillation method were identified, including β-citronellol, citronellyl acetate, linalool, caryophyllene, pinene, sabinene, and naphthalene. Findings from the present study provide helpful insights to effective essential oil extraction from C. hystrix leaves with high content of valuable phytochemical compounds.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Emulsion-Based Gel Containing Combined Essential Oils from Melaleuca alternifolia and Citrus hystrix

“…The plant materials were air-dried and cut into small pieces prior to the extraction of the essential oil. These fresh plant materials were subjected to microwave-assisted extraction using a NEOS Milestone appliance for 90 minutes under the power of 900 W (yields an extract temperature of 100-110°C) [17,18]. The resulting volatile oils were stored in amber vials and refrigerated at 4°C until analysis.…”

Development of Bacterial Cellulose Herbal Wound Dressing

“…They were analyzed for UV-Visible spectrum to select the best solvent. Peel of C. hystrix is extracted through the process of steam distillation until obtaining essential oil [15]. Then, essential oil nanocapsule were prepared by mixing essential oil, chitosan (Ch) in 1 % CH3COOH and SDS, surfactant in various ratios, as the Table 1 below.…”

Research methods of refined oil from peel calamondin (Citrus microcarpa) from Tien Giang Province, Vietnam

“…Citrus essential oil has a pleasant aroma, high levels of Limonene and is widely used in foods and cosmetics [1][2][3][4][5]. Recent studies have also shown that Limonene also dissolve stones, and destroy tumors so it can be used in medicine [6][7][8][9][10][11]. In Vietnam, especially in the Mekong River Delta, including Dong Thap province, another species of Citrus in the Rutaceae family (orange family) is kink, the common is Citrus japonica Thunb.…”