Extraction of heavy metals from MSW incinerator fly ash using saponins

Application of biosurfactants for heavy netals leaching from immobilized activated sludge / Zastosowanie biosurfaktantów do wymywania metali ciężkich z immobilizowanego osadu czynnego

“…Saponins may originate from plant sources including bark of Indian soapberry, grass and tea grains (Hong et al 2000). The type of raw material affects the chemical composition of products and, consequently, their CMC value.…”

Changes in Saponins Content of Some Selected Nigerian Vegetables during Blanching and Juicing

“…Observed variation in saponin content of various green leafy vegetables studied, showed that different vegetables have ability to produce these secondary metabolites as a result of genetic constitution of the plants and or other environmental factors [17,18]. High saponin levels were observed in Telferia ocidentalis, Colocacia argente, Lunea taraxacifolia and Ammmarantus viridis, having saponin in mg/100g dry weight, well above 400.…”

“…Juicing, concentrated saponin content of most vegetables observed, though beneficial effect of saponin cannot be over emphasized, however, the intake above recommended dosage might cause deleterious effects such as ferrous complexation and excretion [25] which may affect red blood status, complextion of proteins [26] that may lead to growth depression and also its negative effect on fertility. It may also reduce antioxidant activities by complexing zinc, managamesse [25,18] which are necessary for cytosolic and mitochrondria superoxide dismutase, thus it is advisable to exercise care when taking the juice of high saponin containing vegetables such as Crassophalium ruben, Launaea taraxacifolia and Manihot esculenta. However, the high level of saponin observed in C. ruben might give it a strong inhibitory activities against bacterial by inhibiting protein synthesis and increasing oxidative stress in the cytoplasm of the bacterial as reported by Gbadamosi and others [27].…”

Removal of heavy metals from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash by traditional and microwave acid extraction

“…Previous investigations also have shown that various treatments cause shifting among metal fractions. 38,39 …”