Extraction of essential oils with carbon dioxide

Abstract

The use of compressed carbon dioxide to extract essential oils from primary botanicals has been an established practice for ten years. The technology involves high pressures and low temperatures in an energy efficient process which is environmentally friendly because the source of C 0 2 is a by-product of fermentations, not combustion of fossil fuels.A

Hop Essential Oil: Analysis, Chemical Composition and Odor Characteristics

“…Composition will differ depending on whether the distillation is performed at atmospheric or reduced pressure due to the temperature that is applied ( Briggs et al ., 2004 ). Steam distillation at atmospheric pressure is known to cause a number of degradative changes so that the odor of the resultant oil is not representative of the original sample ( Moyler, 1993 ;Gardner, 1994 ). As a result, early attempts at using these oils for dry hopping were unsuccessful ( Gardner, 1994 ).…”

Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Essential Oil from Clove Bud: Effect of Operation Conditions on the Selective Isolation of Eugenol and Eugenyl Acetate

“…To optimize the extraction, different temperatures and pressures were tested in the ranges of 110 -190 bar and 325 -416 K. The effect of time on the composition of clove bud oil was reported to be unimportant [16].…”

Essential Oils and New Antimicrobial Strategies

“…This is an energy-efficient, environmentally friendly process [41]. The plant specimen is placed in a stainless steel tank and CO 2 is injected into this tank.…”

“…Many essential oils that cannot be extracted by steam distillation are obtainable with CO 2 extraction. Moyler [41] reported a comparative study of steam distilled and CO 2 -extracted volatile oils of celery seed, hop, clove bud, juniper berry, mace and ginger by using free-choice odor profiling and gas chromatographic fingerprint analysis [41]. SFME results in substantial savings in time, energy, solvents and plant material.…”