Extraction of bioactives from citrus

Yaqoob, Mudasir; Aggarwal, Poonam; Aslam, Raouf; Rehal, Jagbir

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817388-6.00015-5

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…There are two subclasses of phenolic acids: hydroxycinnamic acids and hydroxybenzoic acids, which mostly occur in citrus by-products [ 82 ]. Hydroxycinnamic acids have aromatic ring structure, including caffeic, ferulic and sinapic acids, while hydroxylbenzoic acid comprises gallic, vanillic, syringic acids [ 83 ]. Tannins are high-molecular-weight compounds that are of less significance in the human diet [ 84 ].…”

Section: Comparative Assessment Of Citrus Peel Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Chemistry of Citrus Peel: Insights into Nutraceutical Potential and Therapeutic Applications

Munir,

Yaqoob,

Awan

et al. 2024

Foods

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The recent millennium has witnessed a notable shift in consumer focus towards natural products for addressing lifestyle-related disorders, driven by their safety and cost-effectiveness. Nutraceuticals and functional foods play an imperative role by meeting nutritional needs and offering medicinal benefits. With increased scientific knowledge and awareness, the significance of a healthy lifestyle, including diet, in reducing disease risk is widely acknowledged, facilitating access to a diverse and safer diet for longevity. Plant-based foods rich in phytochemicals are increasingly popular and effectively utilized in disease management. Agricultural waste from plant-based foods is being recognized as a valuable source of nutraceuticals for dietary interventions. Citrus peels, known for their diverse flavonoids, are emerging as a promising health-promoting ingredient. Globally, citrus production yields approximately 15 million tons of by-products annually, highlighting the substantial potential for utilizing citrus waste in phyto-therapeutic and nutraceutical applications. Citrus peels are a rich source of flavonoids, with concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 5.5 g/100 g dry weight, depending on the citrus variety. The most abundant flavonoids in citrus peel include hesperidin and naringin, as well as essential oils rich in monoterpenes like limonene. The peel extracts exhibit high antioxidant capacity, with DPPH radical scavenging activities ranging from 70 to 90%, comparable to synthetic antioxidants like BHA and BHT. Additionally, the flavonoids present in citrus peel have been found to have antioxidant properties, which can help reduce oxidative stress by 30% and cardiovascular disease by 25%. Potent anti-inflammatory effects have also been demonstrated, reducing inflammatory markers such as IL-6 and TNF-α by up to 40% in cell culture studies. These findings highlight the potential of citrus peel as a valuable source of nutraceuticals in diet-based therapies.

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Section: Comparative Assessment Of Citrus Peel Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Chemistry of Citrus Peel: Insights into Nutraceutical Potential and Therapeutic Applications

Munir,

Yaqoob,

Awan

et al. 2024

Foods

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“…Although being less expensive and more time-consuming than traditional maceration and refluxing methods, solvent extraction techniques eventually replaced them, resulting in lower yields of flavonoids. Primitive maceration and refluxing techniques were overtaken by solvent extraction techniques even though these were inexpensive but at the same time, it was time-consuming ultimately leading to lower yields of flavonoids obtained (Yaqoob et al, 2020). Among the solvents extracted, methanol was the most used solvent, resulting in higher yields of flavonoids from citrus fruits (Garcia-Castello et al, 2015;Iglesias-Carres et al, 2019;Khan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Extraction With Ethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also considered as a bio-solvent as it is generally produced from renewable sources (Capello, 2007). It is also named a "Generally Recognized as Safe" (GRAS) solvent by the US Food and Drug Administration (Yaqoob et al, 2020). Li (2006) carried out the experiments to extract total phenolic compounds from the peels of lemons, grapefruit, sweet orange, and mandarin using ethanol at concentrations of 20, 50, 72, 85, and 95%, and at temperatures of 19, 37, 50, 65, and 80°C with single (3 h) and double (2*1.5 h) extractions.…”

Section: Extraction With Ethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hesperidin from citrus peel waste: extraction and its health implications

Samota

Kaur

Sharma

et al. 2023

Qual. Assur. Saf. Crops Foods

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Hesperidin is abundantly present as a flavanone glycoside in citrus fruits. The citrus peels, seeds, pulp, and cell and membrane residues contain a high amount of hesperidin. It has received scientific momentum lately as it offers several health benefits upon consumption, as it possesses antioxidant, anti-hypocholesteric, antitumor, anticancer, antimicrobial, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic properties, and so on. It is used in the treatment of various diseases and disorders such as type-II diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological and psychiatric disorders. Various extraction methods such as solvent extraction, cold extraction, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and supercritical fluid extraction have been employed globally to obtain the maximum yield of hesperidin, which is also environment-friendly and cost-effective. The food industries produce a huge amount of citrus residue after the preparation of juices, jellies, jams, etc. These byproduct wastes are used to extract hesperidin. This review aims at highlighting the updated and scientific information about the nutritional, phytochemical, and biological activities of hesperidin; various classical and modern extraction methods; and their impact on the yield of hesperidin and health implications of hesperidin.

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“…Sweet orange ( Citrus sinensis ) belongs to the genus, Citrus (Rutaceae), and is known to be a valuable source of remarkable constituents including coumarins, flavonoids, limonoids, steroids, pectins, and volatile oils (Sir Elkhatim et al, 2018; Yaqoob et al, 2020). One of the major by‐products of the fruit processing industry is the orange peel, which is mainly used as natural feed and medicinal supplements for animals (Vlaicu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Bioactive Compounds and Potential Health‐promoting Propertie...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health‐promoting foods and food crops ofWest‐Africaorigin: The bioactive compounds and immunomodulating potential

Elegbeleye¹,

Krishnamoorthy

Bamidele

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Biochemistry

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The rural communities of the sub‐Sahara regions in Africa are rich in diverse indigenous culinary knowledge and foods, food crops, and condiments such as roots/tubers, cereal, legumes/pulses, locust beans, and green leafy vegetables. These food crops are rich in micronutrients and phytochemicals, which have the potentials to address hidden hunger as well as promote health when consumed. Some examples of these are fermented foods such as ogi and plants such as Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf), Zingiber officinales (garlic), Hibiscus sabdariffa (Roselle), and condiments. Food crops from West Africa contain numerous bioactive substances such as saponins, alkaloids, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, and monoterpenoid chemicals among others. These bioresources have proven biological and pharmacological activities due to diverse mechanisms of action such as immunomodulatory, anti‐inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant activities which made them suitable as candidates for nutraceuticals and pharma foods. This review seeks to explore the different processes such as fermentation applied during food preparation and food crops of West‐African origin with health‐promoting benefits. The different bioactive compounds present in such food or food crops are discussed extensively as well as the diverse application, especially regarding respiratory diseases. Practical applications The plants and herbs summarized here are more easily accessible and affordable by therapists and others having a passion for promising medicinal properties of African‐origin plants.The mechanisms and unique metabolic potentials of African food crops discussed in this article will promote their applicability as a template molecule for novel drug discoveries in treatment strategies for emerging diseases. This compilation of antiviral plants will help clinicians and researchers bring new preventive strategies in combating COVID‐19 like viral diseases, ultimately saving millions of affected people.

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Extraction of bioactives from citrus

Cited by 15 publications

References 87 publications

Unveiling the Chemistry of Citrus Peel: Insights into Nutraceutical Potential and Therapeutic Applications

Unveiling the Chemistry of Citrus Peel: Insights into Nutraceutical Potential and Therapeutic Applications

Hesperidin from citrus peel waste: extraction and its health implications

Health‐promoting foods and food crops ofWest‐Africaorigin: The bioactive compounds and immunomodulating potential

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