Extraction of Benzene or Thiophene from n-Heptane Using Ionic Liquids. NMR and Thermodynamic Study

Abstract

In this work, (1)H and (31)P NMR spectroscopy were used to study the interactions between thiophene or benzene with three imidazolium based ionic liquids (ILs): 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium methylphosphonate, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate. NMR study indicates that solubility of thiophene or benzene in ionic liquid strongly depends on the structure of the ionic liquid. Structural organizations of such systems have been proposed. From these results, liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE) measurements of ternary mixtures containing benzene or thiophene with n-heptane and these ILs were carried out at 298.15 K in order to check the ability of these ILs to act as extractive solvents.

Correlation of VLE Data for the Thiophene + [bmim][BF4], +[bmim][PF6] Binaries Utilized for the Regeneration of Ionic Liquids

“…The solid line represents the binary VLE data, as calculated using the NRTL equation. As denoted using the (○) symbols, Figure 4 includes the XZ relationship calculated from the NRTL binary parameters representing the thiophene + [bmim][BF4] + heptane ternary LLE data [3]. Therefore, even if an IL is involved, the VLE and LLE data converge to the same XZ line, as is the case for the aqueous binary (Figure 2).…”

“…Applications such as replacing high-temperature and high-pressure heterogeneous catalytic liquid-fuel desulfurization processes by extraction with IL solvents have been extensively studied [1,2]. One particular application of interest is thiophene removal from liquid fuels; hence ternary liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE) data for thiophene + hydrocarbon + IL systems have been extensively reported [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In addition, binary LLE data [10] and solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE) data [11,12] have been also reported.…”

Optimization of Process Design Problems Using Differential Evolution Algorithm

“…NRTL and Two-Suffix Margules activity coefficient models parameters are estimated using the modified differential evolution algorithm. In general, parameter estimation is considered as a minimization of an objective function value (F obj ) (Revelli et al 2010), which minimizes the deviation between the experimental and calculated mole fractions of the components. This part of study deals with the estimation of thermodynamic activity coefficient models parameters for a ternary set of systems, accordingly the problem is formulated as:…”

Adsorption desulfurization study with ionic liquid compound ZrO2/PSMIMHSO4

“…In addition, this method can be conducted under moderate reaction conditions and easy to recycle the materials. The method combining the chemical oxidation with ionic liquids extraction was the remarkable advantage of this process over the desulfurization by mere solvent extraction with IL, and it could achieve deep desulfurization [7][8][9][10][11].…”