Extraction Method for the Determination of Atrazine, Deethylatrazine, and Deisopropylatrazine in Agricultural Soil Using Factorial Design

Abstract

Neste trabalho foi proposto um procedimento para a extração do herbicida atrazina (AT) e dos principais metabólitos desetil-atrazina (DEA) e desisopropil-atrazina (DIA) de uma amostra de latossolo vermelho proveniente da região sudoeste do estado do Paraná no Brasil, onde a AT está entre os herbicidas mais amplamente utilizados. Foi conduzida uma comparação usando extração por agitação e por ultrassom, sendo obtido um procedimento de extração simples e rápido, seguido pela quantificação por cromatografia em fase líquida de alta eficiência. Cabe ressaltar que foi utilizado um estudo por planejamento fatorial, o qual foi decisivo para determinar as melhores condições de extração por agitação. Foram obtidos percentuais de recuperação e desvios padrão relativos adequados, para amostras de solo de três diferentes profundidades, o que sugere a possibilidade de empregar o método de extração proposto para a quantificação de AT, DEA e DIA em amostras de latossolo vermelho. An optimization procedure for the extraction of the herbicide atrazine (AT), and the main degradation products deethylatrazine (DEA) and deisopropylatrazine (DIA) from an oxisol soil sample was carried out, for a soil from the Southwest of Paraná State in Brazil, where AT is among the most largely employed herbicide. A comparison between shaking and ultrasound extraction was performed, to define a simple and fast extraction procedure, followed by the quantification using high performance liquid chromatography. It is important to inform that a factorial planning was employed, that was very important to define the best conditions of extraction by shaking. Appropriate recovery values were observed using soil samples from three different depths, as well as the relative standard deviation, suggesting the possibility to employ the proposed extraction method for quantification of AT, DEA and DIA in oxisol samples.

Electrokinetic-assisted phytoremediation of atrazine: Differences between electrode and interelectrode soil sections

“…The extraction of soil and plant samples was carried out by using a method based on the reported by Amadori et al [25].…”

The Removal of Atrazine and Benalaxyl by the Fly Ash Released from Kosovo A Power Plant

“…As a result, the extraction method may be considered the most relevant step for quantification of atrazine and other triazines in soils; hence, it is of prime importance for the optimization of the extraction parameters. [ 16 ] Atrazine (ATZ) is one of the most heavily used types of herbicide that is currently widely applied in the agricultural operations of Western Australia. Therefore, the soil in this state is highly prone to exposure to atrazine due to agricultural operations such as storage, carrying, and application by pest control companies or users.…”

A mesocosm study of electrokinetic-assisted phytoremediation of atrazine-polluted soils

“…Atrazine and its main metabolites (DEA and DIA) were quantified in soil and plant samples by analysing the extracts obtained from a shaking-centrifuging extraction procedure described elsewhere [17,31]. In brief, homogeneous samples of approximately…”