Extraction kinetics of mixed rare earth elements with bifunctional ionic liquid using a constant interfacial area cell

Wang, Yanliang; Wang, Yabing; Zhou, Haiyue; Li, Fujian; Sun, Xiaoqi

doi:10.1039/c7ra07851j

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It is possible that part of DEHPA is saponified during the synthesis of the IL. This saponification leads to the release of Na + ions during the extraction of the metals [35]. The distribution ratios obtained for Li are much lower than those obtained with saponified DEHPA [14], and are closer to the distribution ratios obtained with bifunctional ILs [27], [28].…”

Section: Selectivity and Stripping Studiessupporting

confidence: 53%

Solvent extraction of lithium from simulated shale gas produced water with a bifunctional ionic liquid

Zante

Trébouet

Boltoeva

2020

Applied Geochemistry

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The recovery of lithium from brines is a major field of study with an increase in lithium-ion batteries consumption and the subsequent growth of lithium consumption. The recovery of lithium from shale gas produced water is promising since these sources could contain nonnegligible concentrations of lithium. In this study, lithium extraction was investigated using solvent extraction with a bifunctional ionic liquid (IL) as an extracting agent diluted in ndodecane. The components of these IL are cheap and commercially available products, namely Aliquat-336 (methyltrioctylammonium chloride) and DEHPA (di-(2ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid), and its synthesis is straightforward. Lithium extraction was optimized by studying several experimental parameters (mixing time, aqueous phase acidity, IL concentration in the solvent phase, aqueous lithium concentration). The mechanism of extraction was detailed, and the stripping was shown to be complete with 0.5 mol.L -1 of HCl. A two stages strategy was defined to recover lithium from synthetic brine. In the first stage, divalent metals are removed using five successive cycles of extraction with DEHPA (1 mol.L -1 ) dissolved in n-dodecane. In the second stage, the IL extracting agent [DEHPA] (1 mol.L -1 ) allowed to remove 83% of lithium in one cycle of extraction, which is higher than reported solvent extraction results with conventional extracting molecules.

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Section: Selectivity and Stripping Studiessupporting

confidence: 53%

Solvent extraction of lithium from simulated shale gas produced water with a bifunctional ionic liquid

Zante

Trébouet

Boltoeva

2020

Applied Geochemistry

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“…26 Recently, mono-substituted alkylphenoxy acetic acid derivatives (POAAs) were reported. [27][28][29] The former can be used for the separation of high-purity yttrium from RE mixture, 30 whereas the latter plays an important role in the enrichment and transformation of RE elements. 31,32 To the authors' knowledge, the coordination characteristics of Ca and Mg ions with carboxyl groups are similar to those of RE ions.…”

Section: (4) Ion Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Effective removal of calcium and magnesium sulfates from wastewater in the rare earth industry

et al. 2019

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“…Commercially available single-stage and multi-stage modular contactors have been developed over the years to alleviate some of the mentioned limitations of batch-wise experimental framework but are overall rather expensive (i.e., in the range $35,000-135,000). Some of the equipment we wish to highlight here are: (i) mixer settler equipment, such as MSU (MEAB Metallextraktion AB, Sweden) [8], [19], UX, RX, and SX (Rousselet-Robatel Inc, France) [30], and SX plant (SX Kinetics, Ontario, Canada) [10], [31], [32]; (ii) centrifugal contactors, such as AKUFVE [33] and SISAK [34] (MEAB Metallextraktion AB, Sweden); (iii) extraction columns, such as Kuhni (Sulzer, Switzerland) [35], [36]; and (iv) constant interfacial area stirred cells, such as Lewis Cell [37]- [39] and Nitsch Cell [40], which are exclusively used in kinetic studies. Although these units offer flexibility and expandability, they are more suitable for simpler SX systems with fewer stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Intensification of Metal Solvent Extraction Studies using a Miniaturized Solvent Extraction Plant

Solano¹,

Mišković²

2023

Preprint

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This study examines the potential of a miniaturized solvent extraction plant (MSXP) to improve the efficiency and reproducibility of laboratory and pilot-scale metallurgical studies that typically require extended testing periods. The MSXP has been designed to replace conventional solvent extraction (SX) apparatus and aims to reduce start-up time, time to reach equilibrium, and overall test time. Two copper solvent extraction (Cu-SX) research campaigns were conducted to test the functionality, ease of operation, modularity, and reproducibility of the MSXP. The first campaign quantified the extraction efficiency and net copper transfer, while the second campaign operated the MSXP in a semi-continuous countercurrent flow configuration with three extraction and two stripping stages. The main variables studied in the first campaign are the number of stages (1─3), volumetric flow rates (O/A, 1─3), and organic phase residence time in the micro-contactor (0.7─2.4). The results demonstrate that the MSXP can work with very low stage efficiencies (48%), while achieving high copper recoveries (>90%). At the stripping circuit level, we show that the MSXP can operate at superior stage efficiencies (> 100%), with low copper recoveries (30─55%). The reproducibility evaluation also demonstrates high statistical confidence (<6% CV) in the obtained process values. The MSXP offers great flexibility in net copper transfer and can be used to benchmark and emulate a wide range of Cu-SX systems. Experimental Cu-SX campaigns can be run in about 60 minutes, while investing roughly US$1.4/h on reagents, which is significantly lower compared to typical campaigns that can last from days to weeks to reach reliable research outcomes and require about US$62/h for reagents. The potential of MSXP extends to more elaborate solvent extraction systems, specifically those designed to purify energy-critical elements like lithium, nickel, cobalt, or rare-earth elements. This study demonstrates the promise of process intensification approaches for improving the efficiency of laboratory and pilot-scale SX studies, which can help in reducing time, reagent, and energy consumption while improving the reproducibility of results.

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Extraction kinetics of mixed rare earth elements with bifunctional ionic liquid using a constant interfacial area cell

Abstract: Extraction kinetics of mixed REEs including La–Lu plus Y except Pm using constant interfacial area cell as equipment and bifunctional ionic liquid as extractant were reported.

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Solvent extraction of lithium from simulated shale gas produced water with a bifunctional ionic liquid

Solvent extraction of lithium from simulated shale gas produced water with a bifunctional ionic liquid

Effective removal of calcium and magnesium sulfates from wastewater in the rare earth industry

Process Intensification of Metal Solvent Extraction Studies using a Miniaturized Solvent Extraction Plant

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