Extraction, Characterization, Biocompatibility, and Antioxidant Activity of Dillenia Indica L. Fruit Polysaccharide

Abstract

The current investigation describes extraction and characterization of aqueous‐soluble polysaccharide (DIFP) from mature Dillenia indica L., fruits to explore its biocompatibility and antioxidant properties (in vitro). In this work, employing the hot‐water extraction method, a whitish brown colored, tasteless, odorless DIFP is extracted (14.45% yield). The findings of the phytochemical identification showed that the extracted DIFP contained both mucilage and carbohydrates. The purity of DIFP is revealed by the examination of three different ash values. 1H NMR spectroscopy, FT‐IR spectroscopy, DSC, and P‐XRD analyses of extracted DIFP are carried out. The results of hemocompatibility (in vitro) experiments, in particular, the determinations of hemolysis percentage (0.80%) and thrombogenicity percentage (5.55%), indicated that the DIFP exhibited nonhemolytic and nonthrombogenic properties. The in vivo acute toxicity evaluation in Swiss Albino male mice clearly presented the absence of any mortality (within 24 h) after intraperitoneal administration of the extracted DIFP (up to 1500 mg kg−1), indicating its nontoxicity, in vivo. Different in vitro tests of antioxidant activity, such as DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical scavenging, showed a strong antioxidant effect of extracted DIFP. The extracted DIFP (from mature DIFs by hot‐water extraction method) can be used as a natural antioxidant in a variety of applications.