Extraction, characterization and biological activity of sulfated polysaccharides from seaweed Dictyopteris divaricata

Cui, Yinxin; Liu, Xin; Li, Shufang; Hao, Limin; Du, Jianxiu; Gao, Dahai; Kang, Qiaozhen; Lu, Jike

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.134

Cited by 68 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…SP1 promoted a statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) in the production of NO at concentrations of 50 and 100 μg/mL, whereas for SP2, the concentrations of 25 and 50 μg/mL showed the greatest stimulatory effect on the production of NO. These results were similar to those reported in other works that evaluated the effects of SPs obtained from different species of seaweed on the ability of induce NO production in macrophages [41][42][43].…”

Section: No Productionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Immunostimulatory Effect of Sulfated Galactans from the Green Seaweed Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata

et al. 2020

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Sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) obtained from green seaweeds are structurally heterogeneous molecules with multifunctional bioactivities. In this work, two sulfated and pyruvated galactans were purified from Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata (named SP1 and SP2), and their immunostimulatory effect was evaluated using cultured murine macrophage cells. Both SPs equally increased the production of nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, and the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. NMR spectroscopy revealed that both galactans were composed primarily of 3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3) units. Pyruvate groups were also found, forming five-membered cyclic ketals as 4,6-O-(1’carboxy)-ethylidene-β-d-Galp residues. Some galactoses are sulfated at C-2. In addition, only SP2 showed some galactose units sulfated at C-4, indicating that sulfation at this position is not essential for the immunomodulatory activity of these galactans. Overall, the data showed that the galactans of C. cupressoides exhibited immunostimulating activity with potential therapeutic applications, which can be used in the development of new biomedical products.

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Section: No Productionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Immunostimulatory Effect of Sulfated Galactans from the Green Seaweed Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata

et al. 2020

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“…In a study by Lee et al [32], a sulfated galactan obtained from Codium fragile was shown to promote an increase in NO production by RAW 264.7 macrophages. Similar immunostimulatory effects are also promoted by SPs from Dictyopteris divaricate [33], Porphyra haitanensis [14], and Ecklonia cava [34] in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The different polysaccharides from C. cupressoides induced NO production at different levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

In Vitro Immunostimulating Activity of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Caulerpa cupressoides Var. Flabellata

et al. 2019

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Green seaweeds are rich sources of sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) with potential biomedical and nutraceutical applications. The aim of this work was to evaluate the immunostimulatory activity of SPs from the seaweed, Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. SPs were evaluated for their ability to modify cell viability and to stimulate the production of inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cytokines. Additionally, their effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) gene expression was investigated. The results showed that SPs were not cytotoxic and were able to increase in the production of NO, ROS and the cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). It was also observed that treatment with SPs increased iNOS and COX-2 gene expression. Together, these results indicate that C. cupressoides var. flabellata SPs have strong immunostimulatory activity, with potential biomedical applications.

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“…Mar. Drugs 2020, 18, 168 7 of 29 CE with hot water (80-100 • C) is often used to extract water-soluble sulfated APS from Sargassum henslowianum and Dictyopteris divaricate [46,50]. However, this method is not sufficiently selective as all types of APS (fucoidan, alginate and laminarin) and other water-soluble compounds from the seaweed samples could be also extracted.…”

Section: Conventional Extraction Technique (Ce)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Technologies for the Extraction of Marine Brown Algal Polysaccharides

et al. 2020

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Over the years, brown algae bioactive polysaccharides laminarin, alginate and fucoidan have been isolated and used in functional foods, cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical industries. The extraction process of these polysaccharides includes several complex and time-consuming steps and the correct adjustment of extraction parameters (e.g., time, temperature, power, pressure, solvent and sample to solvent ratio) greatly influences the yield, physical, chemical and biochemical properties as well as their biological activities. This review includes the most recent conventional procedures for brown algae polysaccharides extraction along with advanced extraction techniques (microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound assisted extraction, pressurized liquid extraction and enzymes assisted extraction) which can effectively improve extraction process. The influence of these extraction techniques and their individual parameters on yield, chemical structure and biological activities from the most current literature is discussed, along with their potential for commercial applications as bioactive compounds and drug delivery systems.(APS) is determined by algae species however it is also influenced by other factors causing inter-species variation, e.g., growth location and harvesting season [8]. Vast structural variation between the APS therefore presents a challenge in terms of pre-treatments application, extraction techniques and optimization, characterization of isolated fractions and determination of their biological properties.Chemical structure and yield of APS isolated from marine macroalgae by conventional extraction (CE) techniques can be affected by various experimental conditions (pH, time, temperature, pressure, particle size, solvent, sample to solvent ratio, agitation speed etc.). In addition, different advanced techniques such as microwave assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), enzyme-assisted extractions (EAE) are assessed and applied for APS extraction [9][10][11].In general, the chemical structure of polysaccharides determines its physical, chemical and biochemical properties as well as its biological activities [12]. Several studies have reported that their biological activity is strongly associated with their chemical structure [9]. Due to very complex mechanisms that are affected by many factors, the correlation between polysaccharide structure and biological activity is still not sufficiently clarified.In order to improve isolation of APS, pre-treatments are usually applied to the algal biomass prior to the extraction process with the two aims: (i) to prevent co-extraction of interfering bioactive compounds with similar solubility; and (ii) to disrupt cell walls and improve mass transfer of APS into extraction solvent. The first type of pre-treatments is therefore used to remove compounds which are highly bound to the APS such as proteins, phenols and lipids, as well as mannitol and chlorophyll [13]. For that purpose, the application of various pr...

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Extraction, characterization and biological activity of sulfated polysaccharides from seaweed Dictyopteris divaricata

Cited by 68 publications

References 52 publications

Immunostimulatory Effect of Sulfated Galactans from the Green Seaweed Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata

Immunostimulatory Effect of Sulfated Galactans from the Green Seaweed Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata

In Vitro Immunostimulating Activity of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Caulerpa cupressoides Var. Flabellata

Advanced Technologies for the Extraction of Marine Brown Algal Polysaccharides

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