Extraction and purification of phycobiliproteins from algae and their applications

Abstract

Microalgae, macroalgae and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms, prokaryotic or eukaryotic, living in saline or freshwater environments. These have been recognized as valuable carbon sources, able to be used for food, feed, chemicals, and biopharmaceuticals. From the range of valuable compounds produced by these cells, some of the most interesting are the pigments, including chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phycobiliproteins. Phycobiliproteins are photosynthetic light-harvesting and water-soluble proteins. In this work, the downstream processes being applied to recover fluorescent proteins from marine and freshwater biomass are reviewed. The various types of biomasses, namely macroalgae, microalgae, and cyanobacteria, are highlighted and the solvents and techniques applied in the extraction and purification of the fluorescent proteins, as well as their main applications while being fluorescent/luminescent are discussed. In the end, a critical perspective on how the phycobiliproteins business may benefit from the development of cost-effective downstream processes and their integration with the final application demands, namely regarding their stability, will be provided.

Simultaneous Detection of Different Antibody Classes in a Multiplexed Serological Test

“…Related experiments demonstrated no significant detectable cross-reactivity between Borrelia anti-IgM and anti-IgG detection systems when both antibody classes were analyzed together in the same reaction well 12 . Considering the lower binding affinity of IgM versus IgG antibodies 16 , 17 , we chose a PE-conjugated detection antibody for IgM detection (the first reporter channel of the dual-reporter instrument) because PE is one of the strongestemitting fluorophores routinely used in immunoassays 18 .…”

Understanding Macroalgae: A Comprehensive Exploration of Nutraceutical, Pharmaceutical, and Omics Dimensions

“…To metabolize the metabolic channeling, food coloring agent, Therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease, immunomodulatory and destroy the cancer cell proliferation activities [92] Zeaxanthin Main source of carotenoids, various health promoting properties such as antioxidant, anti-obesity, antitumor and hepatoprotective activity [93] Caulerpin Used as a kind of anti-inflammatory and anti-viral drug. [94] Fucoxanthin Can treat the acquired diseases like obesity, diabetes, cancer, and others.…”

A Chitosan-Based Flocculation Method for Efficient Recovery of High-Purity B-Phycoerythrin from a Low Concentration of Phycobilin in Wastewater

“…Based on the requirements of convenience and economy of industrial applications, precipitation methods have attracted a lot of attention as the most cost-effective methods of protein engineering [15,45]. Therefore, the ammonium sulfate precipitation method was used as a positive control to evaluate the flocculation efficiency of the CS-based flocculation method.…”

“…Ammonium sulfate precipitation is the most frequently employed method for precipitating phycobiliproteins. However, the complexity and the lack of selectivity of operating procedures limits its application [12,15,16]. Ultrafiltration is another commonly used method for the enrichment of phycobiliproteins, but it requires a lot of time and energy [17].…”