Extraction and microencapsulation of tuna virgin fish oil with mangrove fruit extract fortified into extrusion cereals

Abstract

Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (LCn-3FA) originally from fish have been recognized plays an important role in improving health status. Fortification these LCn-3FAs into foodstuffs will enhance their nutritional and functional value, however, their vulnerability, particularly to oxidation, requires extra protection. The goals of the research were to produce tuna eyes extra virgin fish oil (EVFO) microcapsules rich in DHA protected by mangrove fruit extract as a natural antioxidant and to obtain an extruded cereal with EVFO microcapsules. EVFO was extracted using cool centrifugation, microencapsulated by maltodextrin and arabic gum, and the cereal was formulated as extrusion flake products. The proportion of EVFO extracted from tuna eyes was 10.3596±0.73%. Mangrove fruit extract had a strong antioxidant activity with IC50 of 53.28 ppm. The best microcapsules were gained from arabic gum-maltodextrin coating material and the addition of 4000 ppm of mangrove fruit extract, which had an efficiency value of 93.71%, and round shape with size 6.26 μAm. Cereal with 35 g serving sizes and the addition of 3.6% EVFO microcapsules contributed approximately 134 kcal, 100 mg DHA, and 125 mg omega-3 increasing the great nutritional value.

Peningkatan stabilitas oksidatif minyak mata tuna dengan metode purifikasi dan penambahan natural astaxanthin (NAst)

“…Mata tuna sebagai sumber minyak ikan long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (LCn-3FA) memiliki DHA yang cukup tinggi yakni 38,33% (Trilaksani et al, 2020) Nilai ini jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kandungan DHA minyak ikan spesies lain, misalnya ikan kakap (6,37%) dan ikan kod (11,9%) (Šimat et al, 2019). PUFA (DHA dan EPA) sangat rentan terhadap oksidasi selama pemrosesan dan penyimpanan karena memiliki stuktur dengan rantai panjang dengan ikatan rangkap yang banyak (Qiu et al, 2015).…”

“…Mata ikan tuna diperoleh dari PT Nutrindo Freshfood Internasional Bitung, Sulawesi Utara. Ekstraksi minyak ikan mata tuna menggunakan metode sentrifugasi dingin (Trilaksani et al, 2020). Pemurnian dilakukan melalui netralisasi dengan NaOH 16 o Be dan dilanjutkan bleaching (pemutihan) dengan adsorben magnesol XL 5% (La Dia et al, 2022).…”

A Review: Use of Plants for Antioxidant Purposes in Fish Oil Microencapsulation

“…In a study conducted by Trilaksani et al (2020), tuna eye oil extracted using cold centrifugation was microencapsulated with mangrove fruit extract, maltodextrin, and arabic gum, and formulated as extrusion flake products. Mangrove fruit extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value.…”

The characteristics of PUFAs-rich virgin fish oil as affected by size of tuna eye

“…However, this conventional approach presents sustainability and quality concerns, mainly regarding the decline of oil quality during processing. Green technology has revealed that the tuna eye can be the new source of PUFAs-rich oil extracted in low temperatures using cool centrifugation (Jeong et al 2016;Trilaksani et al 2020a;La Dia et al 2022). According to the standard for Fish Oils CODEX Stan 329-2017, The term 'rich' is used to define concentrated fish oil that includes 35 to 50 w/w % fatty acids, namely the sum of C20:5 (n-3) Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and C22:6 (n-3) Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA).…”

“…Purification can be achieved through a series of steps, including water washing, settling, filtering, and centrifugation (CODEX-STAN 210-1999). Thus, we scientifically followed the required procedure to extract the oil from fish and termed it 'Virgin Fish Oil,' as reported in our previous report (Trilaksani et al 2020a(Trilaksani et al , 2020b.…”