Extraction and chemical characterization of rye arabinoxylan and the effect of β-glucan on the mechanical and barrier properties of cast arabinoxylan films
“…The spectra were similar for both AX samples indicating a similar chemical structure characteristic of AX from maize and other sources [16,17]. The region of 1200-850 cm -1 is typical of AX [17,22,23]. The maximum absorption band (~1035 cm -1 ) could be assigned to C-OH bending with signals at 1,070 and 898 cm -1 that were related to the antisymmetric C-O-C stretching mode of the glycosidic bond and β(1-4) linkages between the xylose units [16,17,24].…”
Section: Extraction and Characterization Of Ax1 And Ax2mentioning
confidence: 66%
“…The maximum absorption band (~1035 cm -1 ) could be assigned to C-OH bending with signals at 1,070 and 898 cm -1 that were related to the antisymmetric C-O-C stretching mode of the glycosidic bond and β(1-4) linkages between the xylose units [16,17,24]. Phenolic compounds and proteins have specific absorption bands in the 1500 -1,700 cm -1 [23]. The region from 3500-1800 cm -1 is the fingerprint region of polysaccharides, with two bands (3,400 cm -1 corresponding to stretching of the OH groups and 2,900 cm -1 corresponding to the CH 2 groups) [16,25].…”
Section: Extraction and Characterization Of Ax1 And Ax2mentioning
The purpose of this research was to extract arabinoxylans (AX) from maize wastewater generated under different maize nixtamalization conditions and to investigate the polysaccharide gelling capability, as well as the rheological and microstructural characteristics of the gels formed. The nixtamalization conditions were 1.5 hours of cooking and 24 hours of alkaline hydrolysis (AX1) or 30 minutes cooking and 4 hours of alkaline hydrolysis (AX2). AX1 and AX2 presented yield values of 0.9% and 0.5% (w/v), respectively. Both AX samples presented similar molecular identity (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) and molecular weight distribution but different ferulic acid (FA) content. AX1 and AX2 presented gelling capability under laccase exposure. The kinetics of gelation of both AX samples was rheologically monitored by small amplitude oscillatory shear. The gelation profiles followed a characteristic kinetics with an initial increase in the storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G") followed by a plateau region for both gels. AX1 presented higher G' than AX2. In scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, both gels present an irregular honeycomb microstructure. The lower FA content in AX2 form gels presenting minor elasticity values and a more fragmented microstructure. These results indicate that nixtamalization process conditions can modify the characteristics of AX gels.
“…The spectra were similar for both AX samples indicating a similar chemical structure characteristic of AX from maize and other sources [16,17]. The region of 1200-850 cm -1 is typical of AX [17,22,23]. The maximum absorption band (~1035 cm -1 ) could be assigned to C-OH bending with signals at 1,070 and 898 cm -1 that were related to the antisymmetric C-O-C stretching mode of the glycosidic bond and β(1-4) linkages between the xylose units [16,17,24].…”
Section: Extraction and Characterization Of Ax1 And Ax2mentioning
confidence: 66%
“…The maximum absorption band (~1035 cm -1 ) could be assigned to C-OH bending with signals at 1,070 and 898 cm -1 that were related to the antisymmetric C-O-C stretching mode of the glycosidic bond and β(1-4) linkages between the xylose units [16,17,24]. Phenolic compounds and proteins have specific absorption bands in the 1500 -1,700 cm -1 [23]. The region from 3500-1800 cm -1 is the fingerprint region of polysaccharides, with two bands (3,400 cm -1 corresponding to stretching of the OH groups and 2,900 cm -1 corresponding to the CH 2 groups) [16,25].…”
Section: Extraction and Characterization Of Ax1 And Ax2mentioning
The purpose of this research was to extract arabinoxylans (AX) from maize wastewater generated under different maize nixtamalization conditions and to investigate the polysaccharide gelling capability, as well as the rheological and microstructural characteristics of the gels formed. The nixtamalization conditions were 1.5 hours of cooking and 24 hours of alkaline hydrolysis (AX1) or 30 minutes cooking and 4 hours of alkaline hydrolysis (AX2). AX1 and AX2 presented yield values of 0.9% and 0.5% (w/v), respectively. Both AX samples presented similar molecular identity (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) and molecular weight distribution but different ferulic acid (FA) content. AX1 and AX2 presented gelling capability under laccase exposure. The kinetics of gelation of both AX samples was rheologically monitored by small amplitude oscillatory shear. The gelation profiles followed a characteristic kinetics with an initial increase in the storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G") followed by a plateau region for both gels. AX1 presented higher G' than AX2. In scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, both gels present an irregular honeycomb microstructure. The lower FA content in AX2 form gels presenting minor elasticity values and a more fragmented microstructure. These results indicate that nixtamalization process conditions can modify the characteristics of AX gels.
“…The cell wall composition analysis (Table 1) was determined by HPLC analysis after sulfuric acid hydrolysis [16]. Ash content was determined as the residue left after 550°C incineration for 3 h.…”
“…It is expected that different conditions during cryogelation, such as number of cycles, would have an effect on ice crystal formation and therefore on the microstructures generated and the resulting mechanical properties of the cryogels. Investigations of arabinoxylan and β-glucan films have shown that addition of β-glucan to arabinoxylan increased the tensile strength and elongation at break of the films, however there were no significant differences between pure β-glucan and mixed films, independent of the amount of β-glucan added (Sárossy, Tenkanen, Pitkänen, Bjerre & Plackett, 2013).…”
Section: Microstructural Propertiesmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…Previous studies have used films cast from mixtures of isolated arabinoxylan and β-glucan to study the properties of high concentrations of mixtures of the two polysaccharides (Sárossy, Tenkanen, Pitkänen, Bjerre & Plackett, 2013;Ying, Rondeau-Mouro, Barron, Mabille, Perronnet & Saulnier, 2013;Ying, Saulnier, Bouchet, Barron, Ji & Rondeau-Mouro, 2015). In this work, we add two new aspects to these studies.…”
Section: Advantages and Limitations Of Cryogels As Models For Cereal mentioning
Microstructure and mechanical properties of arabinoxylan and (1,3;1,4)-beta;-glucan gels produced by cryogelation.Carbohydrate Polymers http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.038 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
AbstractThe interactions between heteroxylans and mixed linkage glucans determine the architecture and mechanical properties of cereal endosperm cell walls. In this work hydrogels made of cross-linked arabinoxylan with addition of β-glucan were synthesised by cryogelation as a biomimetic tool to investigate endosperm walls. Molecular and microstructural properties were characterised by nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and immunolabelling/confocal laser scanning 2 microscopy (CLSM). The response to mechanical stress was studied by compressionrelaxation experiments. The hydrogels consisted of a scaffold characterised by dense walls interconnected by macropores with both hemicelluloses co-localised and homogeneously distributed. The gels showed a high degree of elasticity reflected in their ability to resist compression without developing cracks and recover 60-80% of their original height. Our results highlight the compatibility of these hemicelluloses to coexist in confined environments such as cell walls and their potential role in determining mechanical properties in the absence of cellulose.
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