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We study, through two dimensional Particle-In-Cell simulations, the expansion of an ion-ion beam in vacuum. This beam is generated by a continuous extraction of positive and negative ions from two adjacent gridded ion sources. The grid systems are biased to extract and accelerate, continuously, positive and negative ions from two distinct ion sources. The ion sources are positioned such that their grid systems form an angle θ. In this work, we study two configurations, θ = π and θ = π/2. The proposed device constitutes an alternative approach to the usual positive ion beam neutralized by electrons. This work aims, on the one hand, to demonstrate that the neutralization of a continuously extracted ion beam space charge might be achieved by the use of oppositely charged ions. On the other hand, this work investigates the physical properties of the generated ion-ion beam. Our results show that, for θ = π, potential barriers form in the close vicinity of the acceleration grids. These potential barriers oppose to extraction and induce an ion backflow. This backflow increases with the increase in extracted ion current density. It represents ∼60% to ∼80% of extracted ions for an extracted ion current density ranging from 1 to 10 A/m2. Moreover, for θ = π/2, the potential barriers are located downstream the grids, typically at one source diameter. For this configuration, we found that the backflow is drastically reduced to about 25% of the extracted ions.
We study, through two dimensional Particle-In-Cell simulations, the expansion of an ion-ion beam in vacuum. This beam is generated by a continuous extraction of positive and negative ions from two adjacent gridded ion sources. The grid systems are biased to extract and accelerate, continuously, positive and negative ions from two distinct ion sources. The ion sources are positioned such that their grid systems form an angle θ. In this work, we study two configurations, θ = π and θ = π/2. The proposed device constitutes an alternative approach to the usual positive ion beam neutralized by electrons. This work aims, on the one hand, to demonstrate that the neutralization of a continuously extracted ion beam space charge might be achieved by the use of oppositely charged ions. On the other hand, this work investigates the physical properties of the generated ion-ion beam. Our results show that, for θ = π, potential barriers form in the close vicinity of the acceleration grids. These potential barriers oppose to extraction and induce an ion backflow. This backflow increases with the increase in extracted ion current density. It represents ∼60% to ∼80% of extracted ions for an extracted ion current density ranging from 1 to 10 A/m2. Moreover, for θ = π/2, the potential barriers are located downstream the grids, typically at one source diameter. For this configuration, we found that the backflow is drastically reduced to about 25% of the extracted ions.
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