Extracting an electron's angle of return from shifted interference patterns in macroscopic high-order-harmonic spectra of diatomic molecules

Das, T.; Augstein, B. B.; Faria, C. Figueira de Morisson; Chipperfield, L. E.; Hoffmann, David; Marangos, J. P.

doi:10.1103/physreva.92.023406

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This was because the parallel component A (t) of the vector potential would change sign every half cycle, but the perpendicular component A ⊥ (t) would not, causing ζ(t, t ) to change sign. In [43], we have avoided this problem by using a few-cycle pulse in which a specific cycle was dominant in the region of interest. For elliptical fields, however, there is no need to restrict ionization events to a single half cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [43] we proposed a method to single out shifts for one trajectory in and experimental setting. This involved using polarization gating [61] and phase-matching conditions to remove the contributions to the HHG spectrum of one of the dominant trajectories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our results indicate that the shift would be easier to observe for the short orbit, as it is much larger in this case. This is convenient for experiments as the short orbit is much easier to isolate through phase matching [43]. Fig.…”

Section: Phase and Field Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therein, the suppressions related to nodal planes appear to shift and bend if the ellipticity of the driving field is increased [34]. Our previous work [41,43] indicates that the origin of these distortions lie on dynamic effects introduced by the electron's returning angle. This is an open question as previous publications that have addressed nodal-plane suppressions and elliptical fields [50,51] have focused on ionization, but not recombination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The outcome of many studies show such effects, but do not relate them to the electron's angle of return [34,42]. In previous work, we have analyzed these effects in detail [41], and shown that they are present in the HHG macroscopic response for carefully chosen propagation conditions [43]. This provides a tool for determining the electron's return angle in an experimental setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shifting nodal-plane suppressions in high-order-harmonic spectra from diatomic molecules in orthogonally polarized driving fields

Das¹,

Faria²

2016

Phys. Rev. A

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We analyze the imprint of nodal planes in high-order harmonic spectra from aligned diatomic molecules in intense laser fields whose components exhibit orthogonal polarizations. We show that the typical suppression in the spectra associated to nodal planes is distorted, and that this distortion can be employed to map the electron's angle of return to its parent ion. This investigation is performed semi-analytically at the single-molecule response and single-active orbital level, using the strong-field approximation and the steepest descent method. We show that the velocity form of the dipole operator is superior to the length form in providing information about this distortion. However, both forms introduce artifacts that are absent in the actual momentum-space wavefunction. Furthermore, elliptically polarized fields lead to larger distortions in comparison to two-color orthogonally polarized fields. These features are investigated in detail for O2, whose highest occupied molecular orbital provides two orthogonal nodal planes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phase and Field Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Shifting nodal-plane suppressions in high-order-harmonic spectra from diatomic molecules in orthogonally polarized driving fields

Das¹,

Faria²

2016

Phys. Rev. A

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Exploring symmetries in photoelectron holography with two-color linearly polarized fields

Rook

Faria

2022

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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We investigate photoelectron holography in bichromatic linearly polarized fields of commensurate frequencies $r\omega$ and $s\omega$, with emphasis on the existing symmetries and for which values of the relative phase between the two driving waves they are kept or broken. Using group-theoretical methods, we show that, additionally to the well-known half-cycle symmetry, which is broken for $r+s$ odd, there are reflection symmetries around the field zero crossings and maxima, which may or may not be kept, depending on how both waves are dephased. The three symmetries are always present for monochromatic fields, while for bichromatic fields this is not guaranteed, even if $r+s$ is even and the half-cycle symmetry is retained. Breaking the half-cycle symmetry automatically breaks one of the other two, while, if the half-cycle symmetry is retained, the other two symmetries are either \textit{both} kept or broken. We analyze how these features affect the ionization times and saddle-point equations for different bichromatic fields. We also provide general expressions for the relative phases $\phi$ which retain specific symmetries. As an application, we compute photoelectron momentum distributions for $\omega-2\omega$ fields with the Coulomb Quantum Orbit Strong-Field approximation and assess how holographic structures such as the fan, the spider and interference carpets behave, focusing on the reflection symmetries. The features encountered can be traced back to the field gradient and amplitude affecting ionization probabilities and quantum interference in different momentum regions.

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Twisted quantum interference in photoelectron holography with elliptically polarized fields

Kim

Hofmann²,

Maxwell³

et al. 2022

Phys. Rev. A

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We perform a systematic analysis of how ultrafast photoelectron holography is influenced by an elliptically polarized field, with emphasis on quantum interference effects. We find that the interplay of the external field and the binding potential leads to twisted holographic patterns for low ellipticities and recover well-known angular offsets for high ellipticities. Using the Coulomb quantum-orbit strong-field approximation, we assess how the field ellipticity affects specific holographic patterns, such as the fan and the spider. The interplay of the external field and the binding potential leads to twisted holographic patterns in the fan and to loss of contrast in the spider. This behavior can be traced back to interfering electron trajectories and unequal changes in tunneling probability due to nonvanishing ellipticity. We also derive tunneling times analytically using the strong-field approximation, provide estimates for ellipticity ranges for which interference is expected to be prominent, and discuss how to construct continuous electron momentum distributions exploring the rotation symmetry around the origin.

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Extracting an electron's angle of return from shifted interference patterns in macroscopic high-order-harmonic spectra of diatomic molecules

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Shifting nodal-plane suppressions in high-order-harmonic spectra from diatomic molecules in orthogonally polarized driving fields

Shifting nodal-plane suppressions in high-order-harmonic spectra from diatomic molecules in orthogonally polarized driving fields

Exploring symmetries in photoelectron holography with two-color linearly polarized fields

Twisted quantum interference in photoelectron holography with elliptically polarized fields

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