Extractable Silicon in Soils of the South African Sugar Industry and Relationships with Crop Uptake

Miles, N.; Manson, A. D.; Rhodes, R.; Antwerpen, R. van; Weigel, A.

doi:10.1080/00103624.2014.956881

Cited by 67 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…6c), respectively. Our data corroborate the results of previous field studies (Miles et al 2014;Li et al 2018;Meunier et al 2018;Klotzbücher et al 2018;Haynes 2019), which highlight the positive relationship between pH and CaCl 2 extractable Si content after 5 or 16 h of extraction. Fourthly, the soil buffering capacity had alleviated the pH increase induced by amendments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of phytolithic rice-straw biochar, soil buffering capacity and pH on silicon bioavailability

Unzué-Belmonte

Cornélis

et al. 2019

Plant Soil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims Supplying phytolith-rich biochar in agrosystems increases soil pH, CEC and nutrient availability, adding to the impact of Si uptake on plant growth. Here we studied this specific impact as influenced by soil properties, and assessed the role of phytoliths to provide plant available Si. Methods We used a young Cambisol and a highly weathered, poorly buffered, desilicated Nitisol. The biochars were produced from rice plants respectively enriched (Si+) and depleted (Si-) in Si. They had identical pH and nutrient contents, but largely differed in Si content (51.3 g Si kg −1 in Si + vs 0.3 g Si kg −1 in Si-). We compared their effects to that of wollastonite (CaSiO 3) on the biomass and mineralomass of wheat plants in a soil:solution:plant device. The contents of soil bioavailable Si and biogenic Si were assessed through an original CaCl 2 kinetic extraction and the DeMaster Na 2 CO 3 alkaline dissolution, respectively. Results The DeMaster technique dissolved Si from phytolith as well as from wollastonite. The soil buffering capacity (cmol c kg −1) was 31 in the Cambisol and 0.2 in the Nitisol. An identical supply of phytolithic biochar increased pH from 4.5 to 4.8 in the Cambisol, and from 4.8 to 7.4 in NI. It further increased the content of bioavailable Si (from 55 to 97 mg kg −1 in the Cambisol, and 36 to 209 mg kg −1 in the Nitisol), as well as plant Si uptake, biomass and Si mineralomass. That increase was largest in the Nitisol. Conclusions The DeMaster technique did not specifically quantify the phytolith pool. This pool was the main source of plant available Si in both the Cambisol and Nitisol amended with phytolithic biochar. At identical phytolithic Si supply, however, soil pH and soil buffering capacity controlled the transfer of Si in the soil-plant system, which was largest in the poorly buffered Nitisol. The effect of phytolithic biochar on Si bioavailability was depending on soil constituents and properties, and thus on soil type.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of phytolithic rice-straw biochar, soil buffering capacity and pH on silicon bioavailability

Unzué-Belmonte

Cornélis

et al. 2019

Plant Soil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indeed, the correlation between PAS indicators and soil acidity, as measured by pH, has been reported in the literature as an indicator of intensity of weathering: lower pH may be associated with low PAS in highly leached soils (Review in Haynes, 2014 andLiang et al 2015). For instance, Miles et al (2014) showed that pH and CaCl 2 -extractable Si (Si CC ) are correlated in the range of pH 3.3 to pH 7 in the South African sugarcane fields. According to the authors, such a correlation is attributable to a change in mineralogy from a less weatherable pool of Si minerals at low pH to a more weatherable pool of Si minerals at higher pH, following the conclusion of Henriet et al (2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH as a proxy for estimating plant-available Si? A case study in rice fields in Karnataka (South India)

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and aims. Although Si is recognized as a beneficial element for crops, the determination of plant-available silicon (PAS) in soils has become challenging. A correlation between pH and PAS indicators has been reported in the literature due to the higher degree of weathering of acidic soil. We tested this hypothesis in the cultivated rice fields of Karnataka State, India, which exhibit gradients of pH and climate. Method. Two hundred surface soil samples were collected from rice fields representing nine of the ten agro-climatic zones (ACZs) defined for Karnataka. We analyzed the Si extracted by calcium chloride (Si CC) and the Si extracted by acetate-acetic acid (Si AA) as PAS indicators. The samples were analyzed for particle size distribution, pH, electrical conductivity and cation exchange capacity. Forty subsamples were selected for mineralogical and chemical analysis. Results. PCA of the 200 samples showed that PAS indicators and pH were positively correlated. Si AA was also positively correlated with electric conductivity (EC), CEC, and the silt fraction and negatively correlated with the sand fraction. A separation of the data arbitrarily made at pH 7.5 showed that below 7.5, the correlation between PAS indicators and pH was better than considering the whole 200 samples. The distribution of Si AA with pH matched the curve of adsorbed Si given in the literature. Soils characterized by low pH and high contents of sand, SiO 2 , Zr and Hf, showed a higher degree of weathering. They were preferentially located along the coast, where the rainfall is the most abundant. The depletion of PAS indicators was also in good agreement with the predominance of kaolinite instead of smectite, which characterizes a higher degree of desilication. Conclusion. We demonstrated that the correlation between pH and PAS indicators is explained by natural Si depletion (weathering intensity) and the effect of Si adsorption. We suggest that at pH values up to 7.5, pH can be used as a proxy for PAS in similar types of pedo-climatic conditions.

show abstract

“…Our results showed that CaCl 2 , which is the primary soil Si extractant used in Brazil 32 , Australia 67 and South Africa 70 , is not effective in evaluating the Si available to sugarcane regardless of the extraction method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Methods and extractants to evaluate silicon availability for sugarcane

Crusciol

Arruda

Fernandes

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The correct evaluation of silicon (Si) availability in different soil types is critical in defining the amount of Si to be supplied to crops. This study was carried out to evaluate two methods and five chemical Si extractants in clayey, sandy-loam, and sandy soils cultivated with sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids). Soluble Si was extracted using two extraction methods (conventional and microwave oven) and five Si extractants (CaCl2, deionized water, KCl, Na-acetate buffer (pH 4.0), and acetic acid). No single method and/or extractant adequately estimated the Si availability in the soils. Conventional extraction with KCl was no more effective than other methods in evaluating Si availability; however, it had less variation in estimating soluble Si between soils with different textural classes. In the clayey and sandy soils, the Na-acetate buffer (pH 4.0) and acetic acid were effective in evaluating the Si availability in the soil regardless of the extraction methods. The extraction with acetic acid using the microwave oven, however, overestimated the Si availability. In the sandy-loam soil, extraction with deionized water using the microwave oven method was more effective in estimating the Si availability in the soil than the other extraction methods.

show abstract

Extractable Silicon in Soils of the South African Sugar Industry and Relationships with Crop Uptake

Cited by 67 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of phytolithic rice-straw biochar, soil buffering capacity and pH on silicon bioavailability

Effects of phytolithic rice-straw biochar, soil buffering capacity and pH on silicon bioavailability

pH as a proxy for estimating plant-available Si? A case study in rice fields in Karnataka (South India)

Methods and extractants to evaluate silicon availability for sugarcane

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About