Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation to Aid Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Infants and Children

Thiagarajan, Ravi R.; Laussen, Peter C.; Rycus, Peter; Bartlett, Robert H.; Bratton, Susan L.

doi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.680678

Cited by 325 publications

(257 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Our study supports a number of findings from an E-CPR study done in pediatric patients, which demonstrated that patient demographic factors such as age, weight and sex do not effect survival [6], and another paper indicating a correlation with duration of ECMO [16]. Our study also partially agrees with major conclusions from previous studies of adult E-CPR patients, which indicate that a state of acidosis is correlated with poor E-CPR outcomes [20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Saving life and brain with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A single-center analysis of in-hospital cardiac arrests

Peigh

Cavarocchi

Hirose

2015

The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Saving life and brain with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A single-center analysis of in-hospital cardiac arrests

Peigh

Cavarocchi

Hirose

2015

The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

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“…ECPR patients with a preexisting diagnosis of cardiac illness have shown improved survival outcomes, when compared with patients with noncardiac illnesses. 5,6,8,30,32 Perhaps patients with cardiac illness have less multiorgan dysfunction before cardiac arrest and therefore are more likely to…”

Section: Population Of Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Pediatric Cardiac Arrest

Ryan

2015

Critical Care Nurse

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It is only fitting that the first neonate to be supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was named Esperanza, which when translated from Spanish means hope.1 Indeed, to the more than 50 000 patients who have survived because of ECMO, this revolutionary treatment has provided hope where there was none before. 2 In the past 5 decades, the use of artificial oxygenation and perfusion has revolutionized the care of critically ill patients, both in the operating room and in the intensive care unit. Use of artificial oxygenation and perfusion has evolved from bypass during cardiac surgery to advanced life support, to complex extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). Within the past 20 years, ECPR has been initiated when traditional resuscitation methods have failed and has proven its effectiveness with a survival to discharge rate of approximately 40%.3-13 However, the appropriate use of this therapy and delineated criteria for initiating and withdrawing this therapy have yet to be defined. Furthermore, implementation of this Pediatric CareExtracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) remains a promising treatment for pediatric patients in cardiac arrest unresponsive to traditional cardiopulmonary resuscitation. With veno-arterial extracorporeal support, blood is drained from the right atrium, oxygenated through the extracorporeal circuit, and transfused back to the body, bypassing the heart and lungs. The use of artificial oxygenation and perfusion thus provides the body a period of hemodynamic stability, while allowing resolution of underlying disease processes. Survival rates for ECPR patients are higher than those for traditional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), although neurological outcomes require further investigation. The impact of duration of CPR and length of treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation vary in published reports. Furthermore, current guidelines for the initiation and use of ECPR are limited and may lead to confusion about appropriate use of this support. Many ethical concerns arise with this advanced form of life support. More often than not, the dilemma is not whether to withhold ECPR, but rather when to withdraw it. Although clinicians must decide if ECPR is appropriate and when further intervention is futile, the ultimate burden of choice is left to the patient's caregivers. Offering support and guidance to the patient's family as well as the patient is essential. (Critical Care Nurse. 2015;35[1]:60-70) This article has been designated for CNE credit. A closed-book, multiple-choice examination follows this article, which tests your knowledge of the following objectives:1. Determine the difference between venovenous and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) 2. Describe the benefits of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation 3. Discuss the ethical considerations related to management of patients undergoing ECMO CNE Continuing Nursing Education

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“…Two multicenter registry database analyses have also been performed. From the Extracorporeal Life Support Registry, Thiagarian et al [183] found that overall survival to hospital discharge after ECPR was 38%. Raymond et al [184] analyzed the National Registry of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and found survival to discharge of 44%, remarkably, with 95% reported having favorable neurological outcome.…”

Section: Advances In Cerebral Resuscitation In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Neurocritical Care

Murphy

2012

Neurotherapeutics

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Pediatric neurocritical care is an emerging multidisciplinary field of medicine and a new frontier in pediatric critical care and pediatric neurology. Central to pediatric neurocritical care is the goal of improving outcomes in critically ill pediatric patients with neurological illness or injury and limiting secondary brain injury through optimal critical care delivery and the support of brain function. There is a pressing need for evidence based guidelines in pediatric neurocritical care, notably in pediatric traumatic brain injury and pediatric stroke. These diseases have distinct clinical and pathophysiological features that distinguish them from their adult counterparts and prevent the direct translation of the adult experience to pediatric patients. Increased attention is also being paid to the broader application of neuromonitoring and neuroprotective strategies in the pediatric intensive care unit, in both primary neurological and primary non-neurological disease states. Although much can be learned from the adult experience, there are important differences in the critically ill pediatric population and in the circumstances that surround the emergence of neurocritical care in pediatrics.

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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation to Aid Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Infants and Children

Cited by 325 publications

References 28 publications

Saving life and brain with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A single-center analysis of in-hospital cardiac arrests

Saving life and brain with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A single-center analysis of in-hospital cardiac arrests

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Pediatric Cardiac Arrest

Pediatric Neurocritical Care

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