Extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy improves left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in pigs

Abstract

These results suggest that our extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy is also an effective and noninvasive therapy for improving left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction when started in the early phase of the disorder.

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Ameliorates Hindlimb Ischemia in Rabbits

“…SW is known to exert "cavitation effect" (a micrometer sized violent collapse of bubbles inside the cells) and has recently been demonstrated to induce localized stress on cell membranes that resembles shear stress (Apfel 1982;Maisonhaute et al 2002). We have recently demonstrated that low-energy extracorporeal SW therapy effectively induces angiogenesis and ameliorates myocardial perfusion and cardiac function in a porcine model of chronic myocardial ischemia and in patients with severe coronary artery disease without any adverse effects (Nishida et al 2004;Fukumoto et al 2006;Uwatoku et al 2007). Furthermore, it has been recently demonstrated that low-energy SW therapy improves recruitment of circulating endothelial progenitor cells via enhanced expression of chemoattractant factors in hindlimb ischemia of rat model (Aicher et al 2006).…”

“…Selective angiography of the ischemic limb was performed at day 7 and 28 after the surgery (n = 6 each), using the quantitative cineangiography (QCA) system (Toshiba Medical, Tokyo) (Nishida et al 2004;Uwatoku et al 2007). A 4F end-hole infusion catheter was inserted into the left common iliac artery of the ischemic limb via the common carotid artery.…”

“…To quantitatively assess collateral vessel development, a grid with 2.5-mm-diameter squares was placed over the angiogram in the region of middle thigh. The number of squares crossed by contrast-pacifi ed arteries was counted and angiographic score was calculated as the ratio of the number of total squares (Nishida et al 2004;Uwatoku et al 2007). To quantitatively assess collateral vessel fl ow, the number of frame from beginning of infusion of contrast media to fi lling to distal popliteal and saphenous artery were calculated by recorded angiography (Nishida et al 2004;Uwatoku et al 2007).…”

“…Muscle samples were embedded in OCT compound and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen. Multiple frozen sections were then sliced (5 μ m in thickness) from each specimen on a cryostat (Nishida et al 2004;Uwatoku et al 2007). The tissue sections were stained for alkaline phosphatase using an indoxyl-tetra-zolium method to detect capillary endothelial cells, as previously described, and were counterstained with eosin (Nishida et al 2004;Uwatoku et al 2007).…”

A historical perspective towards a non-invasive treatment for patients with atherosclerosis

“…20 It has also shown to improve left ventricle remodelling after acute myocardial infarction in pigs when therapy is started in an early phase. 21 In nine patients with endstage coronary artery disease ECST improved symptoms of myocardial ischaemia and also improved myocardial perfusion as evaluated by dipyridamole stress thallium scintigraphy without any major adverse effects. 22 …”