“…To date, our understanding of stromal cells, such as adipocytes, fibrocytes, fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), along with their secreted EVs, has been reported in studies that mediate disease-exacerbating changes in asthma [ 17 ], cancer [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], fibrosis [ 23 , 24 , 25 ], and cardiovascular diseases [ 26 , 27 , 28 ], but also show the therapeutic action of MSC-EVs by targeting different tissues, including the lungs, placenta, and thymus [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. By focusing on the cornea, studies have investigated how corneal MSC-EVs can improve corneal epithelial wound healing, reduce corneal epithelial defects, and promote scarless stromal recovery post-corneal injury in vivo [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. These studies revealed a novel application of EVs as therapeutic carriers of cargo that promotes corneal tissue regeneration.…”