Extracellular vesicles in neurodegenerative disorders

Mäger, Imre; Willms, Eduard; Bonner, Scott; Hill, Andrew; Wood, Matthew J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816053-4.00012-2

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…Bestowing this reason, EVs attract special space for acting both as diagnostic markers and therapeutics in neurodegenerative diseases. The majority of studies observed the role of EVs in both diagnostics and therapeutics ( Candelario and Steindler, 2014 ; Jan et al, 2017 ; Lee and Kim, 2017 ; Izadpanah et al, 2018 ; Hill, 2019 ; Jiang et al, 2019 ; You and Ikezu, 2019 ; Yuan et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2019 , 2021 ; Abdel-Haq, 2020 ; Kapogiannis, 2020 ; Mäger et al, 2020 ; Shaimardanova et al, 2020 ; Vassileff et al, 2020 ; Yin et al, 2020 ; Anakor et al, 2021 ; Cui et al, 2021 ; D’Anca et al, 2021 ; Gagliardi et al, 2021 ; He et al, 2021 ; Jin et al, 2021 ; Manu et al, 2021 ; Toshihide, 2021 ; Upadhya and Shetty, 2021 ; Zhao et al, 2021 ; Picca et al, 2022 ). Notably, 19 studies observed the pioneering role of EVs as a diagnostic biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases ( Table 2 ; Coleman and Hill, 2015 ; Thompson et al, 2016 ; Vella et al, 2016 ; Barreca et al, 2017 ; Chen et al, 2017 ; Li et al, 2018 ; Pluta et al, 2018 ; Ramirez et al, 2018 ; Gámez-Valero et al, 2019 ; Karnati et al, 2019 ; Lee et al, 2019 ; Pluta and Ułamek-Kozioł, 2019 ; Pulliam et al, 2019 ; Vinaiphat and Sze, 2019 ; Banack et al, 2020 ; Guedes et al, 2020 ; Hornung et al, 2020 ; Rani et al, 2020 ; Leggio et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicles in neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review

Raghav

Singh

Jeong

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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IntroductionExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are known to have a significant role in the central nervous system (CNS) and neurodegenerative disease.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were used to identify published articles about EV modifications (2012 to Feb 2022).ResultsIn total, 1,435 published papers were identified among the searched articles, with 1,128 non-duplicate publications being identified. Following the screening of titles and abstracts, 214 publications were excluded; following the full-text screening of 93 published articles, another 33 publications were excluded. The remaining 60 studies were considered. The kappa statistic of 0.868 indicated that the raters were highly reliable. Furthermore, the inter-reliability and intra-reliability coefficients were found to be 0.931 and 0.908, respectively, indicating strong reliability and consistency between the eligible studies identified by the raters. A total of 27 relevant studies demonstrated the role of EVs as therapeutic and diagnostic biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases. Of note, 19 and 14 studies, respectively, found EVs to be pioneering in diagnostic and therapeutic roles.DiscussionEVs play an important role in the central nervous system (CNS), aiding in cell-to-cell communication and serving as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. EVs are the home of several proteins [including-synuclein (-syn) and tau proteins], lipids, and genetic materials such as DNA and RNA. The presence of novel miRNAs in EVs suggests biomarkers for the diagnosis and screening of neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, EVs play an important role in the pathogenesis of such disorders. This systematic review discussed the current state of EVs’ role in neurological diseases, as well as some preclinical studies on the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of EVs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicles in neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review

Raghav

Singh

Jeong

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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“…As an alternative, Lin et al proposed using miRNAs as biomarkers for AD [23]. Indeed, investigations by different groups have revealed that some miRNAs usually found abundant in the brain are downregulated with onset of AD [55,[109][110][111]. They are detected in plasma, urine and CSF [111].…”

Section: The Needle In the Haystack: Biosensors For Disease Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The future of quantum dot fluorescent labelling of extracellular vesicles for biomedical applications

et al. 2020

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Nano-sized extracellular vesicles have become an interesting target for fluorescent labelling due to their complex roles within cellular processes. Extracellular vesicles are released by most cells, including bacteria and mammalian and have demonstrated clear involvement within cellular, as well as patho-physiological processes. They contain information about the cell they originate from and communicate between cells making them promising disease biomarkers and vehicles for drug delivery. Many strategies have been used to fluorescently label extracellular vesicles to track or identify unknown cellular processes. Various targetable proteins are embedded in their membrane enabling them to be fluorescently labelled for detection and identification purposes. The fluorescent probes used for biosensing and bioimaging include organic dyes, fluorescent proteins, metal nanoparticles and quantum dots. Commonly used organic dyes and fluorescent proteins have inherent issues with stability and photobleaching. Quantum dots, however, exhibit high quantum yields, have broad excitation wavelengths and do not photobleach. The tuneable size of the quantum dots corresponds to emission wavelengths and can therefore be used in multiplexing or parallel detection of different targets. Semiconducting quantum dots can be modified with targetable proteins that make them ideal labelling agents. This review introduces extracellular vesicles and state-of-the-art use of quantum dots for bioimaging and biosensing.

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“…Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) include several distinct types of cell-derived vesicles that are released into the extracellular environment and influence adjacent as well as remote physiological and pathological processes (Colombo, Raposo, & Thery, 2014;Mager, 2020;Saeedi, Israel, Nagy, & Turecki, 2019;Stahl & Raposo, 2019). Exosomes refer to specific EVs that are typically 30-200nm in diameter and arise from late endosomes or multi-vesicular bodies (MVB) (Lee, El Andaloussi, & Wood, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exosomes can be secreted from a wide range of cell types into the extracellular space and can be assayed from biological fluids (Thery et al, 2018). In the central nervous system (CNS), exosomes may be secreted by neurons, astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes and appear to be involved in several physiological processes such as neuron-neuron or glial-neuron communication, regulation of myelination, regulation of stress and immune responses and modulation of synaptic plasticity (Mager, 2020;Stahl & Raposo, 2019). Exosomes cross the blood brain barrier, bidirectionally, in health and in illness, with their contents intact (Saeedi et al, 2019), that makes them particularly attractive vehicles of biomarkers for neuropathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of circulating exosomes reveals a peripheral signature of astrocytic pathology in schizophrenia

Ranganathan

Rahman

Ganesh

et al. 2021

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

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Background: There is considerable interest in identifying peripheral biomarkers that reflect neuropathological changes in schizophrenia. Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes can cross the blood brain barrier with their contents intact and their cargo, including lipids, proteins and genetic materials can be assayed peripherally. Circulating exosomes have been studied in other neurodegenerative disorders, but there is scarce data in schizophrenia.Methods: We examined neuropathology relevant protein biomarkers in circulating exosomes from patients with schizophrenia and age and gender matched healthy controls using methods consistent with the recommended "Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018" (MISEV2018) guidelines. Nanoparticle tracking analysis was used to determine the size and concentration of exosomes. Exosomal membrane marker (CD9) and specific target cargo proteins (glial fibrillary acid protein[GFAP], synaptophysin and α-II-spectrin) immunopositivity was examined using Western blot analyses and band intensity quantified.Results: No group differences were observed between schizophrenia and control samples in plasma exosomal concentration and size or in CD9 or calnexin positivity. Exosomal GFAP concentration was significantly higher and α-II-spectrin expression significantly lower in schizophrenia samples and there were no group differences observed for exosomal synaptophysin concentration. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate for the first time, a differential pattern of exosomal protein expression in schizophrenia compared to matched healthy controls, consistent with the hypothesized astro-glial pathology in this disorder. These results warrant further .

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Extracellular vesicles in neurodegenerative disorders

Cited by 7 publications

References 142 publications

Extracellular vesicles in neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review

Extracellular vesicles in neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review

The future of quantum dot fluorescent labelling of extracellular vesicles for biomedical applications

Analysis of circulating exosomes reveals a peripheral signature of astrocytic pathology in schizophrenia

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