Extracellular Vesicles in Musculoskeletal Pathologies and Regeneration

Herrmann, Marietta; Diederichs, Solvig; Melnik, Svitlana; Riegger, Jana; Trivanović, Drenka; Li, Shushan; Jenei-Lanzl, Zsuzsa; Huber‐Lang, Markus; Zaucke, Frank; Schildberg, Frank A.; Grässel, Susanne

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.624096

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 286 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The authors isolated EVs from osteoblasts of patients with hip OA(coxarthrosis/CA), osteoporosis (OP), or a combination of both (CA/OP) and demonstrated that the viability and differentiation potential of bone marrow-MSCs stimulated in vitro with EVs released by osteoblasts from CA, OP, and CA/OP patients was significantly reduced compared to control groups, suggesting that pathological EVs exerted catabolic effects that should be taken into consideration when harnessing them as therapeutic drugs [62]. EVs secreted by osteocytes have been isolated from the blood, indicating that circulating EVs could represent interesting biomarkers to be investigated, being able to transfer their cargo to distant recipient cells and regulating several biological responses in musculoskeletal disorders [63,64].…”

Section: Evs As Therapeutic Tools In Pre-clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Tools: From Pre-Clinical to Clinical Applications

Ciferri

Quarto

Tasso

2021

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are ubiquitous masters of intercellular communication, being detectable in tissues, circulation, and body fluids. Their complex cargo reflects the (patho)physiologic status of the cells from which they originate. Due to these properties, the potential of EVs, and in particular exosomes, to serve as biomarkers or therapeutics has grown exponentially over the past decade. On one side, numerous studies have demonstrated that EV-associated nucleic acids and proteins are implicated in cancer progression, as well as neurodegenerative, infectious, and autoimmune disorders. On the other, the therapeutic use of EVs secreted by various cell types, and in particular stem/progenitor cells, present significant advantages in comparison to the corresponding parental cells, such as the less complex production and storage conditions. In this review, we examine some of the major pre-clinical studies dealing with EVs and exosomes, that led to the development of numerous completed clinical trials.

show abstract

Section: Evs As Therapeutic Tools In Pre-clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Tools: From Pre-Clinical to Clinical Applications

Ciferri

Quarto

Tasso

2021

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The use of exosomes in treating OA has been previously reviewed [195]. An intraarticular injection of exosomes to the side of the knee injury is favorable because of its ability to increase exosome accumulation at the target tissues and simultaneously reduce unnecessary systemic exposure.…”

Section: Direct Needle Injection: Exosome Gel and Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and MicroRNAs in Cartilage Regeneration: Biogenesis, Efficacy, miRNA Enrichment and Delivery

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exosomes are the small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells for intercellular communication. Exosomes are rich in therapeutic cargos such as microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), DNA, protein, and lipids. Recently, many studies have focused on miRNAs as a promising therapeutic factor to support cartilage regeneration. Exosomes are known to contain a substantial amount of a variety of miRNAs. miRNAs regulate the post-transcriptional gene expression by base-pairing with the target messenger RNA (mRNA), leading to gene silencing. Several exosomal miRNAs have been found to play a role in cartilage regeneration by promoting chondrocyte proliferation and matrix secretion, reducing scar tissue formation, and subsiding inflammation. The exosomal miRNA cargo can be modulated using techniques such as cell transfection and priming as well as post-secretion modifications to upregulate specific miRNAs to enhance the therapeutic effect. Exosomes are delivered to the joints through direct injection or via encapsulation within a scaffold for sustained release. To date, exosome therapy for cartilage injuries has yet to be optimized as the ideal cell source for exosomes, and the dose and method of delivery have yet to be identified. More importantly, a deeper understanding of the role of exosomal miRNAs in cartilage repair is paramount for the development of more effective exosome therapy.

show abstract

“…iPSCs, iPSC-derived MSCs, and iPSC-derived MSC-like mesenchymal progenitor cells could also be alternative inexhaustible EV production sources due to their unlimited proliferative potential. 168 , 169 In addition, there is no standard protocol for ensuring exosome or EV quality.…”

Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Exosomes as Cell-Free Therapy in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review

Ng¹,

Chai²,

Foo³

et al. 2021

IJN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Treatment of cartilage defects such as osteoarthritis (OA) and osteochondral defect (OCD) remains a huge clinical challenge in orthopedics. OA is one of the most common chronic health conditions and is mainly characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage, shown in the limited capacity for intrinsic repair. OCD refers to the focal defects affecting cartilage and the underlying bone. The current OA and OCD management modalities focus on symptom control and on improving joint functionality and the patient’s quality of life. Cell-based therapy has been evaluated for managing OA and OCD, and its chondroprotective efficacy is recognized mainly through paracrine action. Hence, there is growing interest in exploiting extracellular vesicles to induce cartilage regeneration. In this review, we explore the in vivo evidence of exosomes on cartilage regeneration. A total of 29 in vivo studies from the PubMed and Scopus databases were identified and analyzed. The studies reported promising results in terms of in vivo exosome delivery and uptake; improved cartilage morphological, histological, and biochemical outcomes; enhanced subchondral bone regeneration; and improved pain behavior following exosome treatment. In addition, exosome therapy is safe, as the included studies documented no significant complications. Modifying exosomal cargos further increased the cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration capacity of exosomes. We conclude that exosome administration is a potent cell-free therapy for alleviating OA and OCD. However, additional studies are needed to confirm the therapeutic potential of exosomes and to identify the standard protocol for exosome-based therapy in OA and OCD management.

show abstract

Extracellular Vesicles in Musculoskeletal Pathologies and Regeneration

Cited by 25 publications

References 286 publications

Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Tools: From Pre-Clinical to Clinical Applications

Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Tools: From Pre-Clinical to Clinical Applications

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and MicroRNAs in Cartilage Regeneration: Biogenesis, Efficacy, miRNA Enrichment and Delivery

Potential of Exosomes as Cell-Free Therapy in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About