Extracellular Vesicles in Glioma: From Diagnosis to Therapy

Basu, Bhaskar; Ghosh, Mrinal K.

doi:10.1002/bies.201800245

Cited by 59 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…material collection 31 . Exos have attracted much attention in the diagnosis and treatment of GBM 32 . Several studies have shown that CSF Exo-encapsulated miRNAs can be used to appropriately assess the potential molecular genetic status, drug resistance and prognosis of GBM [33][34][35] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal LGALS9 in the cerebrospinal fluid of glioblastoma patients suppressed dendritic cell antigen presentation and cytotoxic T-cell immunity

et al. 2020

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is highly invasive, with a high recurrence rate and limited treatment options, and is the deadliest glioma. Exosomes (Exos) have attracted much attention in the diagnosis and treatment of GBM and are expected to address the severe limitations of biopsy conditions. Exos in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have great potential in GBM dynamic monitoring and intervention strategies. Here, we evaluated the difference in the proteome information of Exos from the CSF (CSF-Exos) between GBM patients and low-grade glioma patients, and the correlations between GBM-CSF-Exos and immunosuppressive properties. Our results indicates that GBM-CSF-Exos contained a unique protein, LGALS9 ligand, which bound to the TIM3 receptor of dendritic cells (DCs) in the CSF to inhibit antigen recognition, processing and presentation by DCs, leading to failure of the cytotoxic T-cell-mediated antitumor immune response. Blocking the secretion of exosomal LGALS9 from GBM tumors could cause mice to exhibit sustained DC tumor antigen-presenting activity and long-lasting antitumor immunity. We concluded that GBM cell-derived exosomal LGALS9 acts as a major regulator of tumor progression by inhibiting DC antigen presentation and cytotoxic T-cell activation in the CSF and that loss of this inhibitory effect can lead to durable systemic antitumor immunity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal LGALS9 in the cerebrospinal fluid of glioblastoma patients suppressed dendritic cell antigen presentation and cytotoxic T-cell immunity

et al. 2020

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“…However, EVs' therapeutic importance in GBMs extends beyond their use as biomarkers, and currently they are beginning to be considered for antitumoral therapy. The therapeutic application takes advantage of the EV ability to cross the blood brain barrier and consists of encapsulating therapeutic cargo in EVs to deliver messages aimed at suppressing oncogenicity of GSCs or inhibiting tumor-supportive actions of microenvironment cells [85]. In addition, knowing the important roles played by EVs in the maintenance of a tumor-supportive environment, in the tumorigenicity of GSCs or even in the induction of malignant transformation, it is logically sound to think that future strategies will be focused in trying to suppress EV biogenesis or EV release by GBM cells.…”

Section: New Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Communication between the Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment

Matarredona

Pastor

2019

Cells

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The glioblastoma is the most malignant form of brain cancer. Glioblastoma cells use multiple ways of communication with the tumor microenvironment in order to tune it for their own benefit. Among these, extracellular vesicles have emerged as a focus of study in the last few years. Extracellular vesicles contain soluble proteins, DNA, mRNA and non-coding RNAs with which they can modulate the phenotypes of recipient cells. In this review we summarize recent findings on the extracellular vesicles-mediated bilateral communication established between glioblastoma cells and their tumor microenvironment, and the impact of this dialogue for tumor progression and recurrence.

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“…Also, EVs may be taken up by immune cells, leading to immunosuppression [17]. More recently, EVs have even gained a role in cancer diagnosis and therapy [18][19][20] as biomarker molecules that may be identified in different primary tumors with high sensitivity and specificity [21]. Regarding pancreatic cancer, Kalluri and colleagues found that glypican-1 (GPC1), a cell surface proteoglycan, is specifically enriched in circulating exosomes (30-200 nm endosome-derived EVs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from Serum May Serve as Signal-Enhancers for the Monitoring of CNS Tumors

Dobra

Bukva

Szabó

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Liquid biopsy-based methods to test biomarkers (e.g., serum proteins and extracellular vesicles) may help to monitor brain tumors. In this proteomics-based study, we aimed to identify a characteristic protein fingerprint associated with central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Overall, 96 human serum samples were obtained from four patient groups, namely glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), non-small-cell lung cancer brain metastasis (BM), meningioma (M) and lumbar disc hernia patients (CTRL). After the isolation and characterization of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), liquid chromatography -mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was performed on two different sample types (whole serum and serum sEVs). Statistical analyses (ratio, Cohen’s d, receiver operating characteristic; ROC) were carried out to compare patient groups. To recognize differences between the two sample types, pairwise comparisons (Welch’s test) and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) were performed. According to our knowledge, this is the first study that compares the proteome of whole serum and serum-derived sEVs. From the 311 proteins identified, 10 whole serum proteins and 17 sEV proteins showed the highest intergroup differences. Sixty-five proteins were significantly enriched in sEV samples, while 129 proteins were significantly depleted compared to whole serum. Based on principal component analysis (PCA) analyses, sEVs are more suitable to discriminate between the patient groups. Our results support that sEVs have greater potential to monitor CNS tumors, than whole serum.

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Extracellular Vesicles in Glioma: From Diagnosis to Therapy

Cited by 59 publications

References 104 publications

Exosomal LGALS9 in the cerebrospinal fluid of glioblastoma patients suppressed dendritic cell antigen presentation and cytotoxic T-cell immunity

Exosomal LGALS9 in the cerebrospinal fluid of glioblastoma patients suppressed dendritic cell antigen presentation and cytotoxic T-cell immunity

Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Communication between the Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment

Small Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from Serum May Serve as Signal-Enhancers for the Monitoring of CNS Tumors

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