Extracellular Vesicles in Atherosclerosis Research

Williams, Jessica O.; Whelan, Cass; Nash, J.E.; James, Philip E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1924-7_22

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Plates were read every 12 s at 340 nm for 1 h. The reaction caused fibrin clot formation and complete lysis within an hour. We have described this method in detail elsewhere 32 . The method, however, is a well‐established assay used to assess coagulation and lysis and was originally developed without the addition of EVs and applied to patient cohorts by other researchers 33 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative increases of extracellular vesicles in prolonged cold storage of platelets increases the potential to enhance fibrin clot formation

Nash

Davies

Saunders³

et al. 2023

Transfusion Medicine

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BackgroundPlatelet derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) display a pro‐coagulant phenotype and are generated throughout platelet concentrate (PC) storage. Cold storage (CS) of PCs is thought to provide a superior haemostatic advantage over room temperature (RT) storage and could prolong the storage time. However, the effect of storage conditions on EV generation and PC function is unknown. We investigated EV production under CS and RT conditions and assessed whether these EVs exhibited a more pro‐coagulant phenotype in model experiments.Materials and MethodsBuffy‐coat‐derived PCs in a platelet additive solution (PAS) to plasma ratio of approximately 65:35 were stored at RT (22 ± 2°C) or CS (4 ± 2°C) for a prolonged storage duration of 20 days. Impedance aggregometry assessed platelet function. EVs were isolated throughout storage and quantified using nanoparticle tracking analysis. EVs were applied to a coagulation assay to assess the impact on fibrin clot formation and lysis.ResultsCS produced significantly larger EVs from day 4 onwards. EV concentration was significantly increased in CS compared to RT from day 15. EVs, regardless of storage, significantly reduced time to clot formation and maximum optical density measured compared to the no EV control. Clot formation was proportionate to the number of EV applied but was not statistically different across storage conditions when corrected for EV number.ConclusionEVs in CS and RT units showed similar clot formation capacity. However, the higher number of larger EVs generated in CS compared to RT suggests PC units derived from CS conditions may overall exhibit a haemostatically superior capacity compared to RT storage.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have described this method in detail elsewhere. 32 The method, however, is a well-established assay used to assess coagulation and lysis and was originally developed without the addition of EVs and applied to patient cohorts by other researchers. 33…”

Section: Turbidimetric Clotting and Lysis Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative increases of extracellular vesicles in prolonged cold storage of platelets increases the potential to enhance fibrin clot formation

Nash

Davies

Saunders³

et al. 2023

Transfusion Medicine

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“…Moreover, senescent platelet-derived EVs contain upregulated levels of miRs involved in obesity, diabetes, and metabolic and vascular diseases ( Figure 3 ) [ 223 ]. Although the multifaceted roles of EVs in atherosclerosis development and progression are appreciated [ 224 , 225 ], further investigation into the possible roles of platelet-derived exosomes in driving the pathogenesis of coagulopathies is warranted.…”

Section: Novel Avenues In Thrombosis Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of Coagulation and Emerging Roles for Extracellular Vesicles in Coagulation Cascades and Disorders

Al-Koussa

AlZaim

El-Sabban

2022

JCM

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The notion of blood coagulation dates back to the ancient Greek civilization. However, the emergence of innovative scientific discoveries that started in the seventeenth century formulated the fundamentals of blood coagulation. Our understanding of key coagulation processes continues to evolve, as novel homeostatic and pathophysiological aspects of hemostasis are revealed. Hemostasis is a dynamic physiological process, which stops bleeding at the site of injury while maintaining normal blood flow within the body. Intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways culminate in the homeostatic cessation of blood loss, through the sequential activation of the coagulation factors. Recently, the cell-based theory, which combines these two pathways, along with newly discovered mechanisms, emerged to holistically describe intricate in vivo coagulation mechanisms. The complexity of these mechanisms becomes evident in coagulation diseases such as hemophilia, Von Willebrand disease, thrombophilia, and vitamin K deficiency, in which excessive bleeding, thrombosis, or unnecessary clotting, drive the development and progression of diseases. Accumulating evidence implicates cell-derived and platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), which comprise microvesicles (MVs), exosomes, and apoptotic bodies, in the modulation of the coagulation cascade in hemostasis and thrombosis. As these EVs are associated with intercellular communication, molecular recycling, and metastatic niche creation, emerging evidence explores EVs as valuable diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in thrombotic and prothrombotic diseases.

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Extracellular Vesicles in Atherosclerosis Research

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Quantitative increases of extracellular vesicles in prolonged cold storage of platelets increases the potential to enhance fibrin clot formation

Quantitative increases of extracellular vesicles in prolonged cold storage of platelets increases the potential to enhance fibrin clot formation

Pathophysiology of Coagulation and Emerging Roles for Extracellular Vesicles in Coagulation Cascades and Disorders

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