Extracellular Vesicles in ARDS: New Insights into Pathogenesis with Novel Clinical Applications

Mahida, Rahul; Matsumoto, Shuhei; Matthay, Michael A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-37323-8_4

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…Exosomes were first discovered in 1983 in two studies published within a week of each other, as endosomal vesicles containing transferrin receptors that were secreted from maturing reticulocytes [ 7 , 8 ]. The presence of exosomes was relatively ignored (classified as ‘cellular dust’) until interest was revived with discoveries demonstrating their capacity to serve as mediators of intercellular communication [ 9 ], potential drug delivery vectors [ 10 ], and bio-markers of various chronic and acute diseases [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Exosomes are a snapshot of the parent cell that produces them, and upon uptake by the recipient cell, can modify cell function by virtue of their enclosed cargo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Exosomal Isolation Methods: Is Size Exclusion Chromatography the Best Option?

Sidhom

Patience

Saleem

2020

IJMS

449

359

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicles secreted by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and play a vital role in intercellular communication. EVs are classified into several subtypes based on their origin, physical characteristics, and biomolecular makeup. Exosomes, a subtype of EVs, are released by the fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVB) with the plasma membrane of the cell. Several methods have been described in literature to isolate exosomes from biofluids including blood, urine, milk, and cell culture media, among others. While differential ultracentrifugation (dUC) has been widely used to isolate exosomes, other techniques including ultrafiltration, precipitating agents such as poly-ethylene glycol (PEG), immunoaffinity capture, microfluidics, and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) have emerged as credible alternatives with pros and cons associated with each. In this review, we provide a summary of commonly used exosomal isolation techniques with a focus on SEC as an ideal methodology. We evaluate the efficacy of SEC to isolate exosomes from an array of biological fluids, with a particular focus on its application to adipose tissue-derived exosomes. We argue that exosomes isolated via SEC are relatively pure and functional, and that this methodology is reproducible, scalable, inexpensive, and does not require specialized equipment or user expertise. However, it must be noted that while SEC is a good candidate method to isolate exosomes, direct comparative studies are required to support this conclusion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Exosomal Isolation Methods: Is Size Exclusion Chromatography the Best Option?

Sidhom

Patience

Saleem

2020

IJMS

449

359

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Notably, circulating leukocyte-derived EVs expressing α2-macroglobulin (A2MG) isolated from septic patients were shown to reduce endothelial cell permeability and increased bacterial phagocytosis by neutrophils in vitro ( Lashin et al, 2018 ). Similarly, some studies have reported anti-inflammatory effects by EVs derived from neutrophils on AM and AECs ( Gasser and Schifferli, 2004 ; Eken et al, 2010 ; Mahida et al, 2020a , b ). Indeed, transfer of miR-223 by neutrophil-derived EVs to airway epithelial cells has been shown to reduce protein permeability and inflammatory cytokine release in vitro and in vivo ( Neudecker et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Protective Role Of Endogenous Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…However, there is also some evidence suggesting that some endogenous EVs may also have a protective effect in ARDS patients ( Mahida et al, 2020a ). For example, some clinical studies have reported that total leukocyte-derived EVs are associated with a better prognosis in patients with sepsis ( Lashin et al, 2018 ) or ARDS ( Guervilly et al, 2011 ; Mahida et al, 2020a , b ). Notably, circulating leukocyte-derived EVs expressing α2-macroglobulin (A2MG) isolated from septic patients were shown to reduce endothelial cell permeability and increased bacterial phagocytosis by neutrophils in vitro ( Lashin et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Protective Role Of Endogenous Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These protective effects against hyperoxic lung injury were apparently mediated by the transfer of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) contained within these vesicles into pericytes, AM and ATII cells ( Ahn et al, 2018 ). In endotoxin-induced lung injury, the protective effects induced by MSC-EVs on pulmonary edema were mediated partly by transfer of KGF mRNA to airway epithelial cells and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) mRNA to endothelial cells ( Zhu et al, 2014 ; Tang et al, 2017 ; Mahida et al, 2020b ). In endothelial cells stimulated with endotoxin in vitro , MSC-EVs augmented the expression of endothelial intercellular junction proteins, reduced endothelial cell apoptosis and inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines through a mechanism involving the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gene carried inside the vesicles ( Wang et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Therapeutic Potential Of Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Acute Respiratory Distress Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Extracellular Vesicles and Alveolar Epithelial-Capillary Barrier Disruption in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Pathophysiological Role and Therapeutic Potential

et al. 2021

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular communication by transferring genetic material, proteins and organelles between different cells types in both health and disease. Recent evidence suggests that these vesicles, more than simply diagnostic markers, are key mediators of the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and other lung diseases. In this review, we will discuss the contribution of EVs released by pulmonary structural cells (alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells) and immune cells in these diseases, with particular attention to their ability to modulate inflammation and alveolar-capillary barrier disruption, a hallmark of ARDS. EVs also offer a unique opportunity to develop new therapeutics for the treatment of ARDS. Evidences supporting the ability of stem cell-derived EVs to attenuate the lung injury and ongoing strategies to improve their therapeutic potential are also discussed.

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“…Exosomes were first discovered in 1983 in two studies published within a week of each other, as endosomal vesicles containing transferrin receptors that were secreted from maturing reticulocytes [7], [8]. The presence of exosomes was relatively ignored (classified as 'cellular dust') until interest was revived with discoveries demonstrating their capacity to serve as mediators of intercellular communication [9], potential drug delivery vectors [10], and bio-markers of various chronic and acute diseases [11]- [15]. Exosomes are a snapshot of the parent cell that produces them, and upon uptake by the recipient cell, can modify cell function by virtue of their enclosed cargo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Exosomal Isolation Methods: Is Size Exclusion Chromatography the Best Option?

Sidhom¹,

Patience²,

Saleem³

2020

Preprint

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicles secreted by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and play a vital role in intercellular communication. EVs are classified into several subtypes based on their origin, physical characteristics, and biomolecular makeup. Exosomes, a subtype of EVs, are released by the fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVB) with the plasma membrane of the cell. Several methods have been described in literature to isolate exosomes from biofluids including blood, urine, milk, and cell culture media among others. While differential ultracentrifugation (dUC), has been widely used to isolate exosomes, other techniques including ultrafiltration, precipitating agents such as poly-ethylene glycol (PEG), immunoaffinity capture, microfluidics and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) have emerged as credible alternatives with pros and cons associated with each. In this review, we provide a summary of commonly used exosomal isolation techniques with a focus on SEC as an ideal methodology. We evaluate the efficacy of SEC to isolate exosomes from an array of biological fluids, with a particular focus on its application to adipose tissue-derived exosomes. We argue that exosomes isolated via SEC are relatively pure and functional, and that this methodology is reproducible, scalable, inexpensive, and does not require specialized equipment or user expertise.

show abstract

Extracellular Vesicles in ARDS: New Insights into Pathogenesis with Novel Clinical Applications

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

A Review of Exosomal Isolation Methods: Is Size Exclusion Chromatography the Best Option?

A Review of Exosomal Isolation Methods: Is Size Exclusion Chromatography the Best Option?

Extracellular Vesicles and Alveolar Epithelial-Capillary Barrier Disruption in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Pathophysiological Role and Therapeutic Potential

A Review of Exosomal Isolation Methods: Is Size Exclusion Chromatography the Best Option?

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