Extracellular Vesicles and Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases

Extracellular Vesicles for Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Still a Long Way [Letter]

“…Actually, EVs are released by all the cell types present in the cardiovascular system. 2 These EVs can also be found in plasma, where their primary sources are erythrocytes, platelets, endothelial cells, and immune cells. The content of EVs in plasma is influenced by changes in the environment and has the ability to regulate pro-inflammatory and innate immune responses, coagulation pathways, as well as atherogenic interactions.…”