Extracellular vesicle biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Li, Yang; Shi, Xianquan; Jia, Erna; Qin, Shaoyou; Yu, Fan

doi:10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.08.019

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 75 publications

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“…Furthermore, EVs encapsulate miRNAs and mRNA fragments, offering a snapshot of the genetic landscape of PCa cells 91 . Various kinds of elevated levels of PCa‐specific biomarkers within or on EVs have been observed in patient cohorts 92 . While the ability to shift focus to different molecules in response to cancer progression is advantageous, it is important to acknowledge that the determination of which specific molecules to target remains an unresolved issue in the current state of research in PCa.…”

Section: Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate cancer and liquid biopsies: Clinical applications and challenges

Urabe,

Sumiyoshi,

Tashiro

et al. 2024

Int J of Urology

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Liquid biopsy has emerged as a valuable and minimally invasive tool for real‐time detection of clinically actionable abnormalities across various cancer types. Its applicability is particularly compelling in the realm of prostate cancer, where novel therapeutic agents, including those targeting DNA repair systems, are under development. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in effectively screening for prostate cancer, enhancing risk stratification, and determining optimal approaches for treating advanced disease. Consequently, there is a pressing need for improved biomarkers to aid clinicians in decision‐making within these contexts. Cell‐free DNA and extracellular vesicle analysis have demonstrated promise in diagnosis, prognostication, assessment of treatment responses, and identification of emerging mechanisms of resistance. Nevertheless, obstacles must be addressed before liquid biopsies can be integrated into routine clinical practice. These challenges encompass preanalytical considerations such as sample collection and storage, methods of extracellular vesicle isolation and enrichment, and the need for enhanced interpretation of generated sequencing data. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current clinical opportunities in managing prostate cancer through blood‐based liquid biopsy, highlighting the progress made, and acknowledging the challenges that remain. Additionally, we discuss the next steps required for the effective implementation of liquid biopsies in guiding personalized treatment strategies for prostate cancer.

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Section: Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate cancer and liquid biopsies: Clinical applications and challenges

Urabe,

Sumiyoshi,

Tashiro

et al. 2024

Int J of Urology

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Liquid biomarkers in prostate cancer: recent advancements and future directions

Wong,

Ko,

2024

Current Opinion in Urology

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Purpose of review Traditional diagnostic approaches of prostate cancer like PSA are limited by high false-positive rates and insufficient capture of tumour heterogeneity, necessitating the development of more precise tools. This review examines the latest advancements in liquid biomarkers for prostate cancer, focusing on their potential to refine diagnostic accuracy and monitor disease progression. Recent findings Liquid biomarkers have gained prominence because of their minimally invasive nature and ability to reflect the molecular characteristics of prostate cancer. Circulating tumour cells provide insight into tumour cell dissemination and are indicative of aggressive disease phenotypes, with single-cell analyses revealing genomic instability and treatment resistance. Circulating tumour DNA offers real-time tumour genomic information, aiding in treatment decision-making in advanced prostate cancer, where it has been associated with clinical progression. MicroRNAs act as oncogenes or tumour suppressors and exhibit diagnostic and prognostic potential; however, their clinical utility is constrained by the lack of consistent validation. Extracellular vesicles contain tumour-derived biomolecules, with specific proteins demonstrating prognostic relevance. Applications of these markers to urinary testing have been demonstrated. Summary Liquid biomarkers show potential in refining prostate cancer management. Future research should aim to integrate these biomarkers into a cohesive framework in line with precision medicine principles.

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Extracellular vesicles as novel uro-oncology biomarkers: insights toward clinical applications

Urabe,

Tamura,

Sakamoto

et al. 2024

Current Opinion in Urology

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Purpose of review We discussed the challenges associated with the clinical application of extracellular vesicles and summarized their potential impact on oncological clinical practice in urology. Recent findings Despite extensive research on extracellular vesicles, their clinical applications remain limited; this is likely to be because of small study cohorts, a lack of large-scale analyses, and the impact of variable extraction and storage methods on analysis outcomes. However, promising results have emerged from clinical trials targeting urinary extracellular vesicles in prostate cancer using ExoDx Prostate Test. The ExoDx Prostate Test has demonstrated its efficacy in diagnosing prostate cancer in previous studies and is the only FDA-approved kit for this purpose. Moreover, recent trials have investigated the use of the ExoDx Prostate Test to determine the optimal timing for biopsies in prostate cancer patients undergoing active surveillance. Summary We summarized recent studies on the potential of extracellular vesicles in the management of urological cancers. Particularly, the diagnosis of prostate cancer using the ExoDx Prostate Test has yielded positive results in several clinical trials. Additionally, while there are other studies suggesting its efficacy, most of these are based on retrospective analyses. These findings warrant further large-scale studies to optimize extracellular vesicle-based diagnostic and monitoring strategies. Although further research is required, extracellular vesicles would be attractive for early detection and surveillance.

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Extracellular vesicle biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 75 publications

Prostate cancer and liquid biopsies: Clinical applications and challenges

Prostate cancer and liquid biopsies: Clinical applications and challenges

Liquid biomarkers in prostate cancer: recent advancements and future directions

Extracellular vesicles as novel uro-oncology biomarkers: insights toward clinical applications

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