Extracellular Space in Chickens Estimated Using Sucrose, Thiosulfate, and Thiocyanate Injected Concurrently

Danby, R.; Curry, F. E.; Gibson, W. P. R.

doi:10.3181/00379727-164-40873

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Because inulin exchanges between the plasma and interstitial compartments, V PAR is a measure of removal of extracellular water, via plasma removal. Published estimates of extracellular water volume ( ECV ) in precocial and altricial birds give ECV to represent a mean of 22.2 (2.8)% of body mass in Gallus domesticus (Medway and Kare 1959, Danby et al 1980, Zhou et al 1999), and 19.8(3.8)% of body mass in Columba livia (Arad et al 1989). We thus used the mean ECV (21.8% of body mass) in our calculation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Within‐brood distribution of ectoparasite attacks on nestling blue tits: a test of the tasty chick hypothesis using inulin as a tracer

Simon¹,

Thomas²,

Blondel³

et al. 2003

Oikos

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Lambrechts, M. M. and Perret, P. 2003. Within-brood distribution of ectoparasite attacks on nestling blue tits: a test of the tasty chick hypothesis using inulin as a tracer. -Oikos 102: 551-558.Blow fly (Protocalliphora spp.) larvae are nest ectoparasites that compete with nestlings for resources by feeding on blood. Their main direct consequences on nestlings are a reduction in growth, blood parameters, and physiological performance. The impact of Protocalliphora larvae on nestling development can be extremely variable between nests within years and between years due to varying food availability. However, there is also considerable within-nest variation in nestling growth and development which has been attributed to an aggregation of ectoparasites on less resistant chicks; the tasty chick hypothesis. We tested for aggregated attacks of Protocalliphora within broods of nestling blue tits using radio-labelled inulin to trace plasma, and hence blood, turnover. To estimate blood removal by Protocalliphora, we compared inulin turnover in naturally parasitized and experimentally deparasitized nestlings. Inulin turnover, and hence the blood loss attributed to Protocalliphora attacks, was significantly correlated with chick mass and size rank within the brood, with the smallest and lowest-ranking chicks showing greatest inulin turnover. This is the first study demonstrating non-random blood-feeding by Protocalliphora larvae, a phenomenon which can render the statistical detection of their impact problematical by increasing within-brood variance in developmental and physiological measures. A. Simon and D. W. Thomas, Centre de recherche en biologie forestière, Uni6. de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1K 2R1 Canada (aurelie@hermes.usherb.ca). -J. Blondel, M. M. Lambrechts and P. Perret, Centre d'É cologie Fonctionnelle et É 6olu-ti6e, CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, FR-34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Within‐brood distribution of ectoparasite attacks on nestling blue tits: a test of the tasty chick hypothesis using inulin as a tracer

Simon¹,

Thomas²,

Blondel³

et al. 2003

Oikos

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“…Extracellular fluid volume was also measured as the sucrose space by the method of Danby et al (1980) in one experiment.…”

Section: Animals and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then the RMGC was equal to the amount of radioactivity injected (kBq) divided by the product of the initial specific activity of glucose (kBq/µ ) and glucose concentration in the RMGC (plasma; µ /ml). (Danby, Curry & Gibson, 1980) and the sucrose space was multiplied by 1 -85 (see Results) to estimate the RMGC.…”

Section: Animals and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pancreatectomy, tolbutamide and insulin on glucose fluxes in chickens

Danby¹,

Martin²,

Gibson³

1982

Journal of Endocrinology

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The effects of pancreatectomy and of injection of insulin or Tolbutamide on glucose fluxes in chickens were examined. This was prompted by earlier observations that Tolbutamide seems not to require the presence of pancreatic insulin for its acute hypoglycaemic action in this species. Rates of appearance (Ra) and disappearance (Rd) of glucose were estimated by isotope dilution using [14C]glucose in single-injection experiments and [14C]glucose and [6-3H]glucose in priming-injection + constant-infusion experiments. Six hours after sub-total pancreatectomy (splenic lobe remained in situ), chickens were hyperglycaemic (16.7 v. 10-4 mmol glucose/1 in controls), had a larger sampled glucose pool (4.41 v. 3.10 mmol) and a higher average rate of glucose utilization (41.7 v. 33.3 micron mol/kg per min) than sham-operated controls as estimated in single-injection experiments. Tolbutamide (50 mg/kg injected i.v.) reduced Ra in intact chickens from 33.9 to 1.1 micro mol/kg per min and reduced Ra in pancreatectomized chickens from 42.2 to 10.2 micro mol/kg per min. in priming-injection + constant-infusion experiments tolbutamide again reduced Ra significantly. In all case Rd tended to fall, apparently as a result of the developing hypoglycaemia. tolbutamide did not affect the volume of extracellular fluid (sucrose space). In single-injection experiments , insulin (1 unit/kg injected i.v.) reduced Ra by 56% and transiently increased Rd by 39%. It was concluded that pancreatectomy and injection of insulin or tolbutamide produce responses in glucose movements in chickens that are qualitatively similar to those in mammals. In chickens the hypoglcaemic action of tolbutamide, which persists in the absence of the pancreas, depends on an inhibition of glucose release by the liver.

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Body Fluids: Blood

Sturkie¹,

Griminger²

1986

Avian Physiology

108

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Extracellular Space in Chickens Estimated Using Sucrose, Thiosulfate, and Thiocyanate Injected Concurrently

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Within‐brood distribution of ectoparasite attacks on nestling blue tits: a test of the tasty chick hypothesis using inulin as a tracer

Within‐brood distribution of ectoparasite attacks on nestling blue tits: a test of the tasty chick hypothesis using inulin as a tracer

Effects of pancreatectomy, tolbutamide and insulin on glucose fluxes in chickens

Body Fluids: Blood

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