Extracellular genetic materials and their application in clinical practice

Koçana, Cemal Çağıl; Toprak, Selin Fulya; Sözer, Selçuk

doi:10.1016/j.cancergen.2020.12.006

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The release mechanism of EGMs, whether active or passive, depends on the type of EGMs being delivered. For instance, cfDNA tends to be passively released, whereas EVs exhibit a preference for active release [ 5 , 19 ]. The blood–brain barrier (BBB), which is a semi-permeable endothelial cell-based border between CNS and circulatory system, is a highly selective barrier.…”

Section: Extracellular Genomic Materials (Egms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EGMs exhibit characteristics that are reflective of the cells from which they originate and provide profound information about the specific cell or tissue of origin [ 5 , 30 , 31 ]. The genetic and epigenetic profiles of EGMs such as distinct mutations on nucleic acids and specific methylation patterns, as well as immunophenotypic properties such as cell type-specific markers on EVs may provide further insight into the cell of origin, and allow a deeper understanding of the cellular characteristics and functions involved in disease mechanisms [ 10 , 32 ].…”

Section: Extracellular Genomic Materials (Egms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extracellular Genomic Materials (EGMs) are the general nomenclature of all extracellular molecules of nucleic acids found in a variety of biological fluids, including blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), amniotic fluid, lymphatic circulation, saliva, urine, milk, etc. [ 5 , 6 ]. The term “EGMs” has been first used by our research group recently to cover various types of freely circulating cell-free genomic materials [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of Extracellular Genomic Materials (EGMs) in psychiatric disorders

et al. 2023

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Extracellular Genomic Materials (EGMs) are the nucleic acids secreted or released from all types of cells by endogenous or exogenous stimuli through varying mechanisms into the extracellular region and inevitably to all biological fluids. EGMs could be found as free, protein-bound, and/ or with vesicles. EGMs can potentially have immunophenotypic and/or genotypic characteristics of a cell of origin, travel to distant organs, and interact with the new microenvironment. To achieve all, EGMs might bi-directionally transit through varying membranes, including the blood–brain barrier. Such ability provides the transfer of any information related to the pathophysiological changes in psychiatric disorders in the brain to the other distant organ systems or vice versa. In this article, many aspects of EGMs have been elegantly reviewed, including their potential in diagnosis as biomarkers, application in treatment modalities, and functional effects in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. The psychiatric disorders were studied under subgroups of Schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder, depressive disorders, and an autism spectrum disorders. EGMs provide a robust and promising tool in clinics for prognosis and diagnosis. The successful application of EGMs into treatment modalities might further provide encouraging outcomes for researchers and clinicians in psychiatric disorders.

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Section: Extracellular Genomic Materials (Egms)mentioning

confidence: 99%