Extracción y Caracterización de Taninos de Residuos Vegetales de dos Especies de Fabáceas para su Aplicación en el Curtido de Pieles

Abstract

In the leather industry, chromium sulfate is primarily utilized in the process of leather tanning, which poses risks to both human health and the environment. In the present investigation, the tannin content present in the fabaceae species Anadenanthera Colubrina and Paraserianthes Lophantha is analyzed, verifying that they possess the necessary amount of tannins required to operate as a tanning agent. The taxonomic identification of both species was carried out, determining that they belong to the Fabaceae Lindl family. The aqueous extraction of tannins from pods and seeds of both species was carried out, to later perform the quantification of total and residual polyphenols, using the spectrophotometric method, and under an absorbance analysis it was possible to determine the concentrations of each extract. The percentage of tannins present in each sample was determined, giving as a result that ParaserianthesLophantha is the forest species with the highest tannin content in pods with a total of 0.99 %, followed by Anadenanthera Colubrina, which has 0.96 % of tannins in seeds. Therefore, the vegetable residues of both Fabaceae can be considered for the creation of a vegetable tanning agent, representing a good alternative to replace chrome salts in the leather tanning process.