Extracardiac versus cardiac haemocoelic pulsations in pupae of the mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.)

Sláma, Karel

doi:10.1016/s0022-1910(99)00208-5

Cited by 67 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Examining the heart organ in the 60, 80 and 100%D stages (100%D indicates a pupa that emerged on the same day as the MRI image), it is clear that the heart becomes approximately 52 per cent thinner and approximately 15 per cent longer during development. Very little work has been done to characterize the development of the D. plexippus heart during metamorphosis, but the beating frequencies and BBs which we observe are highly consistent with other species (Gerould 1929;Slama 2000Slama , 2003;Smits et al 2000;Tartes et al 2000;Slama & Neven 2001;Slama & Farkas 2005). The MRI reveals that the late-stage heart is composed of denser muscle, consistent with the observations in other insects (Gerould 1929).…”

Section: Mri Of Developing Pupaesupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The spectrogram displays a maximum principal frequency at 0.52G0.03 Hz, which has several overtones (figure 3b). The periodic motions (figure 3c) are characteristic of a heartbeat (Gerould 1929;Slama 2000Slama , 2003Smits et al 2000;Tartes et al 2000;Slama & Neven 2001;Slama & Farkas 2005) and their frequency was observed to increase and decrease in amplitude during the BB (figure 3d ). The next stages of development 50-75%D and 75-83%D (figure 3e,f ) display very Mechanical oscillations of monarch butterfly A. E. Pelling et al 31 similar characteristics to the 0-50%D stage except they have two and three BBs per 2 hour period, respectively.…”

Section: Analysis Of Beating Characteristics As a Function Of Developmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The heart organ is generally considered to be the abdominal part of the dorsal vessel that runs along the axis of the body (Slama 2000) and consists of a series of pumps (Snodgrass 1935). The heart drives the haemolymph around the body in an open circulatory system and is known to exhibit heartbeat reversal, changes in mechanical pressure, consumption and release of O 2 /CO 2 and fluctuations in temperature (Gerould 1929;Slama 2000Slama , 2003Smits et al 2000;Tartes et al 2000;Slama & Neven 2001;Slama & Farkas 2005). Based on the micromechanical phenomena observed in this study, we propose that the heart remains functionally intact even though massive structural development occurs during metamorphosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic mechanical oscillations during metamorphosis of the monarch butterfly

Pelling

Wilkinson

Stringer

et al. 2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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The mechanical oscillation of the heart is fundamental during insect metamorphosis, but it is unclear how morphological changes affect its mechanical dynamics. Here, the micromechanical heartbeat with the monarch chrysalis (Danaus plexippus) during metamorphosis is compared with the structural changes observed through in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We employ a novel ultra-sensitive detection approach, optical beam deflection, in order to measure the microscale motions of the pupae during the course of metamorphosis. We observed very distinct mechanical contractions occurring at regular intervals, which we ascribe to the mechanical function of the heart organ. Motion was observed to occur in approximately 15 min bursts of activity with frequencies in the 0.4-1.0 Hz range separated by periods of quiescence during the first 83 per cent of development. In the final stages, the beating was found to be uninterrupted until the adult monarch butterfly emerged. Distinct stages of development were characterized by changes in frequency, amplitude, mechanical quality factor and de/repolarization times of the mechanical pulsing. The MRI revealed that the heart organ remains functionally intact throughout metamorphosis but undergoes morphological changes that are reflected in the mechanical oscillation.

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Section: Mri Of Developing Pupaesupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Analysis Of Beating Characteristics As a Function Of Developmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic mechanical oscillations during metamorphosis of the monarch butterfly

Pelling

Wilkinson

Stringer

et al. 2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…The autonomic physiological functions (respiratory, circulatory, digestive, excretory) recovered within 10 min and remained in a fully functional state in the decapitated flies for many hours. The autonomic functions are controlled in all insects from the mesothoracic ganglion of the ventral nerve cord by a brain-independent, neuroendocrine system known as the coelopulse system (Sláma, 2000(Sláma, , 2006(Sláma, , 2008. The headless adults retain the forward oriented, anterograde heartbeat, but as the circulated haemolymph cannot reach the head, it leaves via excurrent ostia in the thoracic aorta.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrocardiographic methods used in this study on Drosophila were previously described by Sláma (2000Sláma ( , 2003Sláma ( , 2006 and used for recording heartbeat of relatively large insects (pupae of Manduca). The use of transmitted or reflected pulsedlight in optoelectronic recordings of heartbeat in Drosophila was previously described by Sláma & Farkaš (2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology of heartbeat reversal in adult Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Sláma¹

2010

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Heartbeat patterns were monitored in the living bodies of decapitated adult flies using several electrocardiographic methods (pulse-light optocardiography, thermocardiography, strain-gauge cardiography). Unlike other insect species, in which there is a peristaltic segmental propagation of cardiac contractions, Drosophila uses extremely efficient synchronic cardiac contractions. The rate of synchronic cardiac pulsation, which is characterized by simultaneous propagation of anterograde systolic contractions along all the segments of the heart, is relatively fast (~ 4 Hz at room temperature). This pulsation is used mainly for the vigorous pumping of haemolymph into the head and thorax through a narrow elastic tube, the aorta (anterograde I heartbeat). In addition, this synchronic pulsation is also used to enhance the circulation of haemolymph throughout the abdominal body cavity (anterograde II heartbeat). The switch between thoracic (anterograde I) and abdominal (anterograde II) haemolymph circulation is regulated by periodically alternating, tetanic contractions and relaxations of the conical heart chamber (ventricle). In the latter there is a pair of slitlike apertures, which are closed or opened by contraction or relaxation of the organ, respectively. During contraction of the conical chamber, the apertures are tightly constricted for several seconds and haemolymph is pumped forwards into the aorta (anterograde I heartbeat). Conversely, during relaxation of the conical chamber, the apertures are wide open for a few seconds, haemolymph leaves the heart and leaks out through open apertures and circulates from the tail to the base of the abdomen. The backward oriented, retrograde heartbeat recorded in other insects, has a lower frequency (1 to 2 Hz), occurs in Drosophila only sporadically and usually in the form of individual or twinned systolic peaks of large amplitude. Unlike the synchronic nature of the anterograde I and II cardiac contractions, propagation of the relatively slow retrograde heartbeat is by peristalsis. The newly discovered, compact ventricle with atrium and synchronic functioning of the insect heart shows structural and functional analogies with the functioning of the human heart.

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Effect of corazonin and crustacean cardioactive peptide on heartbeat in the adult American cockroach (Periplaneta americana)

Sláma

Sakai

Takeda

2006

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Changes in the frequency of cardiac pulsations have been monitored in the decapitated body of adult P. americana before and 5 h after the injections of [Arg(7)]-corazonin and CCAP, using newly invented touch-free, noninvasive optocardiographic methods. Relatively large dosages of these peptides (10(-6) M concentrations in the body) had no effect on the rate of the heartbeat beyond the Ringer control limits. It has been concluded, therefore, that Corazonin and CCAP, which are currently cited in the literature as "the most potent cardiostimulating peptides" in insects, have no effect on the physiological regulation of cardiac functions in the living body.

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Extracardiac versus cardiac haemocoelic pulsations in pupae of the mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.)

Cited by 67 publications

References 22 publications

Dynamic mechanical oscillations during metamorphosis of the monarch butterfly

Dynamic mechanical oscillations during metamorphosis of the monarch butterfly

Physiology of heartbeat reversal in adult Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Effect of corazonin and crustacean cardioactive peptide on heartbeat in the adult American cockroach (Periplaneta americana)

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