Extracapsular invasion of lymph node metastasis is an indicator of distant metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma

Yamashita, Hiroto; Noguchi, Shiro; Murakami, Nobuo; Kawamoto, Hitoshi; Watanabe, Shin

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19971215)80:12<2268::aid-cncr8>3.0.co;2-q

Cited by 205 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…There have been many reports of extranodal invasion, but few related to gastric cancer. It is well known that extranodal invasion is an important indicator of poor prognosis in cancers of the pharynx, larynx, thyroid, lung, and breast [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver metastasis in gastric cancer with particular reference to lymphatic advancement

et al. 2001

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver metastasis in gastric cancer with particular reference to lymphatic advancement

et al. 2001

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“…1 It is the most common form of papillary carcinoma, 1 comprising almost half of the papillary thyroid carcinomas reported in recent studies. [2][3][4] Most papillary microcarcinomas remain silent and have a slow clinical course, but some behave aggressively, with local recurrence [5][6][7] and early distant metastasis, 5,7 giving rise to clinically significant disease. Furthermore, a papillary microcarcinoma may occasionally be the primary lesion of a lymph node metastasis presenting clinically as a neck mass.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

S100A4 expression is associated with lymph node metastasis in papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid

et al. 2008

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The detection of papillary microcarcinomas of the thyroid is increasing due to frequent use of ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Although most of the papillary microcarcinomas remain quiescent and follow an indolent clinical course, some behave aggressively and metastasize early, giving rise to clinically significant disease. There have been few studies concerning factors predictive of lymph node metastasis in papillary microcarcinomas. We analyzed the expression of S100A4, cyclin D1, p27 and MUC1, the presence of the BRAF V600E mutation and the clinicopathological features of the tumors, including patient age, tumor size (Z5 vs o5 mm), extrathyroidal extension, multifocality, histological subtype, sclerosis and encapsulation, in a series of 198 papillary microcarcinomas in relation to lymph node metastasis to determine the predictive factors of lymph node metastasis. On univariate analysis, tumor size of 5 mm or more, extrathyroidal extension, multifocality, sclerosis and the expression of S100A4 and cyclin D1 predicted lymph node metastasis, whereas patient age, expression of p27 and MUC1 and the BRAF V600E mutation did not. Moreover, tumor size 5 mm or more, multifocality and expression of S100A4, especially its strong expression in the invasive fronts, were significantly associated with macrometastasis and lateral node metastasis. On multivariate analysis, multifocality and expression of S100A4 were found to be common independent predictive factors of lymph node metastasis, macrometastasis and lateral node metastasis. In conclusion, S100A4 expression in papillary microcarcinomas may indicate the presence of nodal metastasis. Thus, S100A4 immunohistochemistry may be valuable for predicting metastatic potential in papillary microcarcinomas.

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“…Two hundred and eight As also shown in Table 1, the median follow-up was 6.2 years (0. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. At the end of follow-up, 89 patients (42.2%) were disease-free, 74 (35.1%) maintained biochemical disease, 43 (20.4%) had structural persistence, and 5 (2.4%) died from the disease.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lango and cols. (10) demonstrated that the impact of ENE on the risk of developing distant (22) showed that the presence of ENE is associated with the presence of distant metastases (p < 0.0001). The absence of association between ENE and distant metastasis in our study may be due to the small number of patients in whom this characteristic was analyzed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Metastatic lymph node characteristics as predictors of recurrence/persistence in the neck and distant metastases in differentiated thyroid cancer

Barbosa

Momesso

Bulzico

et al. 2017

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between this characteristic and outcomes in patients with lymph node metastasis in a Brazilian cohort. Subjects and methods: This study examined a retrospective cohort of adult patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer and lymph node metastases from 1998 to 2015 in two referral centers. Number, location, size and extranodal extension (ENE) of metastatic lymph nodes were assessed and correlated with response to initial therapy. Results: A greater number of metastatic nodes, larger size, presence of lateral neck disease and ENE were all associated with a lower probability of achieving an excellent response to initial therapy (p ≤ 0.05 for all these parameters). Local recurrent disease had a significant association with lymph node number (6 in the recurrence/persistence group versus 4 in the non-recurrent group; p = 0.02) and ENE (19.2 versus 7.5%, p = 0.03). Lateral neck disease was the only characteristic associated with distant metastasis and was present in 52.1% of the group without metastasis and 70.4% of the group with metastasis (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The lymph node characteristics were associated with response to initial therapy and neck recurrence/persistence, confirming the importance of the analysis of these factors in risk stratification in a Brazilian population and its possible use to tailor initial staging and long term follow-up. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2017;61(6):584-9

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Extracapsular invasion of lymph node metastasis is an indicator of distant metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma

Abstract: The presence of extranodal invasion in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma is an indicator of distant metastasis and poorer prognosis.

Cited by 205 publications

References 11 publications

Liver metastasis in gastric cancer with particular reference to lymphatic advancement

Liver metastasis in gastric cancer with particular reference to lymphatic advancement

S100A4 expression is associated with lymph node metastasis in papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid

Metastatic lymph node characteristics as predictors of recurrence/persistence in the neck and distant metastases in differentiated thyroid cancer

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