Extraarticular variants of the long head of the biceps brachii: A reminder of embryology

Audenaert, Emmanuel; Barbaix, Erik; Hoonacker, P. Van; Berghs, Bart

doi:10.1016/j.jse.2007.06.014

Cited by 36 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Furthermore, results from our imaging demonstrated the incorporation of the tendon distally prior to the myotendinous junction, rather than discrete supernumerary heads. The LHBT may also originate from the rotator cuff, have an extra-articular origin, or be congenitally absent [4][5][6]. Clinically, there is an association between variant intraarticular LHBT anatomy and other shoulder pathologies, especially labral tears [1,2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Informed consent All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 (5). All patients provided written informed consent to enrolment in the study and to the inclusion in this article of information that could potentially lead to their identification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasound appearance and dynamic evaluation of variant long head of the biceps tendon anatomy with MRI correlation

2014

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Many variants of the long head of the biceps tendon exist but their appearance has not been documented with ultrasonography (US). We describe a case of variant LHB anatomy that was visualized by magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed with US. Additionally, US was useful to exclude instability of the LHBT. To the best of our knowledge, this variant appearance of the LHBT has not been previously described with US. Considering that shoulder US is routinely performed clinically, knowledge of the appearance of variant LHBT anatomy may be useful.Riassunto Esistono molte varianti del tendine del capo lungo del bicipite, ma il loro aspetto non è stato documentato con ecografia (US). Descriviamo un caso di variante anatomica del LHBT visualizzata con risonanza magnetica e confermata con gli US. Inoltre, gli US sono stati utili per escludere l'instabilità del LHBT. Per quanto a nostra conoscenza, questa variante del LHBT non è stata descritta in precedenza con gli US. Considerando che l'ecografia della spalla viene eseguita di routine nella pratica clinica, la conoscenza della variante anatomica del LHBT può essere utile.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound appearance and dynamic evaluation of variant long head of the biceps tendon anatomy with MRI correlation

2014

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“…An MRI was obtained in all except two cases; also, Dierickx et al have not mentioned individual MRI findings separately 6,7,21 . Overall, MRI findings were available in 25/35 cases.…”

Section: Mri and Arthroscopy Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Absent LHBT is one such variant and has been documented in many cadaveric, imaging and arthroscopic studies 5,6 . Clinical diagnosis is extremely challenging and somewhat impossible due to the rarity of the condition, lack of awareness, variable clinical presentation, a lack of specific clinical signs and limitations of the conventional MRI 7 . Shoulder arthroscopy is the gold standard modality for diagnosis; hallmark is the absence of the intra articular portion of LHBT in the presence of a shallow or absent bicipital groove 3,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital absence of the long head of biceps tendon & its clinical implications: a systematic review of the literature

Kumar

John

Bansal

et al. 2017

MLTJ

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SummaryBackground: Multiple reports of congenitally absent long head of biceps tendon (LHBT) have been reported in the literature. However, there is no consensus on the clinical implications of this relatively rare entity. Study Purpose: To systematically review and analyze all studies which have reported absence of LHBT. Methods: PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched. Also, a secondary search was performed by pearling the bibliography of all the fulltext articles obtained. Pre defined inclusion criteria was used for abstract screening by two independent observers. Twenty three studies met our inclusion criteria, were included for the final analysis and the data was pooled. The cases were further sub-grouped according to the classification of Dierickx et al. Results: Till date, 35 cases of absent LHBT have been reported. Males and females were equally affected. Eight of these were bilateral and only four cases had other associated congenital anomalies. Majority of the patients presented with shoulder pain (85.7%) while 37.1% had shoulder instability (mainly anterior instability). The ABS type was the most common variant reported. The finding was missed in 60% of the cases on the initial MRI only to be detected later on shoulder arthroscopy. Conclusions: Congenitally absent LHBT may not be as rare as was previously thought to be. Due to the heterogeneity and the low level of evidence of the data available, it is hard to conclude if a congenitally absent LHBT is a cause of shoulder pain/impingement or instability on its own. Level of evidence: IV.

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“…1,37 Interruptions or abnormalities in the normal embryologic development could result in deviations from the typical anatomy. 2 Many anatomic variants of the long head of the biceps have been described as incidental findings during arthroscopy, yet the clinical significance of the aberrant anatomy is unknown. Described anatomic variants of the long head of the biceps origin include aberrant intra-articular origins, 9,19,20,23,25 extra-articular origins, 17 and congenital absence of the tendon.…”

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confidence: 99%

Aberrant origin of the long head of the biceps: a case series

Wittstein

Lassiter

Taylor

2012

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery

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Extraarticular variants of the long head of the biceps brachii: A reminder of embryology

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Ultrasound appearance and dynamic evaluation of variant long head of the biceps tendon anatomy with MRI correlation

Ultrasound appearance and dynamic evaluation of variant long head of the biceps tendon anatomy with MRI correlation

Congenital absence of the long head of biceps tendon & its clinical implications: a systematic review of the literature

Aberrant origin of the long head of the biceps: a case series

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